Release 2.3.9

new stuff to come

.gitignore

@@ -6,4 +6,8 @@ lib-cov
 *.dat
 *.out
 *.pid
-benchmarks/graphs
+*.swp
+*.swo
+benchmarks/graphs
+testing.js
+node_modules/

.gitmodules

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-[submodule "support/expresso"]
-	path = support/expresso
-	url = git://github.com/visionmedia/expresso.git
-[submodule "support/haml"]
-	path = support/haml
-	url = git://github.com/visionmedia/haml.js.git
-[submodule "support/ejs"]
-	path = support/ejs
-	url = git://github.com/visionmedia/ejs.git
-[submodule "support/connect-form"]
-	path = support/connect-form
-	url = git://github.com/visionmedia/connect-form.git
-[submodule "support/connect"]
-	path = support/connect
-	url = git://github.com/senchalabs/connect.git
-[submodule "support/jade"]
-	path = support/jade
-	url = git://github.com/visionmedia/jade.git

.npmignore

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+.git*
+docs/
+examples/
+support/
+test/
+testing.js
+.DS_Store

History.md

@@ -1,4 +1,257 @@
 
+2.3.9 / 2011-05-25 
+==================
+
+  * Fixed bug-ish with `../' in `res.partial()` calls
+
+2.3.8 / 2011-05-24
+==================
+
+  * Fixed `app.options()`
+
+2.3.7 / 2011-05-23
+==================
+
+  * Added route `Collection`, ex: `app.get('/user/:id').remove();`
+  * Added support for `app.param(fn)` to define param logic
+  * Removed `app.param()` support for callback with return value
+  * Removed module.parent check from express(1) generated app. Closes #670
+  * Refactored router. Closes #639
+
+2.3.6 / 2011-05-20 
+==================
+
+  * Changed; using devDependencies instead of git submodules
+  * Fixed redis session example
+  * Fixed markdown example
+  * Fixed view caching, should not be enabled in development
+
+2.3.5 / 2011-05-20 
+==================
+
+  * Added export `.view` as alias for `.View`
+
+2.3.4 / 2011-05-08 
+==================
+
+  * Added `./examples/say`
+  * Fixed `res.sendfile()` bug preventing the transfer of files with spaces
+
+2.3.3 / 2011-05-03 
+==================
+
+  * Added "case sensitive routes" option.
+  * Changed; split methods supported per rfc [slaskis]
+  * Fixed route-specific middleware when using the same callback function several times
+
+2.3.2 / 2011-04-27 
+==================
+
+  * Fixed view hints
+
+2.3.1 / 2011-04-26 
+==================
+
+  * Added `app.match()` as `app.match.all()`
+  * Added `app.lookup()` as `app.lookup.all()`
+  * Added `app.remove()` for `app.remove.all()`
+  * Added `app.remove.VERB()`
+  * Fixed template caching collision issue. Closes #644
+  * Moved router over from connect and started refactor
+
+2.3.0 / 2011-04-25 
+==================
+
+  * Added options support to `res.clearCookie()`
+  * Added `res.helpers()` as alias of `res.locals()`
+  * Added; json defaults to UTF-8 with `res.send()`. Closes #632. [Daniel   * Dependency `connect >= 1.4.0`
+  * Changed; auto set Content-Type in res.attachement [Aaron Heckmann]
+  * Renamed "cache views" to "view cache". Closes #628
+  * Fixed caching of views when using several apps. Closes #637
+  * Fixed gotcha invoking `app.param()` callbacks once per route middleware. 
+Closes #638
+  * Fixed partial lookup precedence. Closes #631
+Shaw]
+
+2.2.2 / 2011-04-12 
+==================
+
+  * Added second callback support for `res.download()` connection errors
+  * Fixed `filename` option passing to template engine
+
+2.2.1 / 2011-04-04 
+==================
+
+  * Added `layout(path)` helper to change the layout within a view. Closes #610
+  * Fixed `partial()` collection object support.
+    Previously only anything with `.length` would work.
+    When `.length` is present one must still be aware of holes,
+    however now `{ collection: {foo: 'bar'}}` is valid, exposes
+    `keyInCollection` and `keysInCollection`.
+
+  * Performance improved with better view caching
+  * Removed `request` and `response` locals
+  * Changed; errorHandler page title is now `Express` instead of `Connect`
+
+2.2.0 / 2011-03-30 
+==================
+
+  * Added `app.lookup.VERB()`, ex `app.lookup.put('/user/:id')`. Closes #606
+  * Added `app.match.VERB()`, ex `app.match.put('/user/12')`. Closes #606
+  * Added `app.VERB(path)` as alias of `app.lookup.VERB()`.
+  * Dependency `connect >= 1.2.0`
+
+2.1.1 / 2011-03-29 
+==================
+
+  * Added; expose `err.view` object when failing to locate a view
+  * Fixed `res.partial()` call `next(err)` when no callback is given [reported by aheckmann]
+  * Fixed; `res.send(undefined)` responds with 204 [aheckmann]
+
+2.1.0 / 2011-03-24 
+==================
+
+  * Added `<root>/_?<name>` partial lookup support. Closes #447
+  * Added `request`, `response`, and `app` local variables
+  * Added `settings` local variable, containing the app's settings
+  * Added `req.flash()` exception if `req.session` is not available
+  * Added `res.send(bool)` support (json response)
+  * Fixed stylus example for latest version
+  * Fixed; wrap try/catch around `res.render()`
+
+2.0.0 / 2011-03-17 
+==================
+
+  * Fixed up index view path alternative.
+  * Changed; `res.locals()` without object returns the locals
+
+2.0.0rc3 / 2011-03-17 
+==================
+
+  * Added `res.locals(obj)` to compliment `res.local(key, val)`
+  * Added `res.partial()` callback support
+  * Fixed recursive error reporting issue in `res.render()`
+
+2.0.0rc2 / 2011-03-17 
+==================
+
+  * Changed; `partial()` "locals" are now optional
+  * Fixed `SlowBuffer` support. Closes #584 [reported by tyrda01]
+  * Fixed .filename view engine option [reported by drudge]
+  * Fixed blog example
+  * Fixed `{req,res}.app` reference when mounting [Ben Weaver]
+
+2.0.0rc / 2011-03-14 
+==================
+
+  * Fixed; expose `HTTPSServer` constructor
+  * Fixed express(1) default test charset. Closes #579 [reported by secoif]
+  * Fixed; default charset to utf-8 instead of utf8 for lame IE [reported by NickP]
+
+2.0.0beta3 / 2011-03-09 
+==================
+
+  * Added support for `res.contentType()` literal
+    The original `res.contentType('.json')`,
+    `res.contentType('application/json')`, and `res.contentType('json')`
+    will work now.
+  * Added `res.render()` status option support back
+  * Added charset option for `res.render()`
+  * Added `.charset` support (via connect 1.0.4)
+  * Added view resolution hints when in development and a lookup fails
+  * Added layout lookup support relative to the page view.
+    For example while rendering `./views/user/index.jade` if you create
+    `./views/user/layout.jade` it will be used in favour of the root layout.
+  * Fixed `res.redirect()`. RFC states absolute url [reported by unlink]
+  * Fixed; default `res.send()` string charset to utf8
+  * Removed `Partial` constructor (not currently used)
+
+2.0.0beta2 / 2011-03-07 
+==================
+
+  * Added res.render() `.locals` support back to aid in migration process
+  * Fixed flash example
+
+2.0.0beta / 2011-03-03 
+==================
+
+  * Added HTTPS support
+  * Added `res.cookie()` maxAge support
+  * Added `req.header()` _Referrer_ / _Referer_ special-case, either works
+  * Added mount support for `res.redirect()`, now respects the mount-point
+  * Added `union()` util, taking place of `merge(clone())` combo
+  * Added stylus support to express(1) generated app
+  * Added secret to session middleware used in examples and generated app
+  * Added `res.local(name, val)` for progressive view locals
+  * Added default param support to `req.param(name, default)`
+  * Added `app.disabled()` and `app.enabled()`
+  * Added `app.register()` support for omitting leading ".", either works
+  * Added `res.partial()`, using the same interface as `partial()` within a view. Closes #539
+  * Added `app.param()` to map route params to async/sync logic
+  * Added; aliased `app.helpers()` as `app.locals()`. Closes #481
+  * Added extname with no leading "." support to `res.contentType()`
+  * Added `cache views` setting, defaulting to enabled in "production" env
+  * Added index file partial resolution, eg: partial('user') may try _views/user/index.jade_.
+  * Added `req.accepts()` support for extensions
+  * Changed; `res.download()` and `res.sendfile()` now utilize Connect's
+    static file server `connect.static.send()`.
+  * Changed; replaced `connect.utils.mime()` with npm _mime_ module
+  * Changed; allow `req.query` to be pre-defined (via middleware or other parent
+  * Changed view partial resolution, now relative to parent view
+  * Changed view engine signature. no longer `engine.render(str, options, callback)`, now `engine.compile(str, options) -> Function`, the returned function accepts `fn(locals)`.
+  * Fixed `req.param()` bug returning Array.prototype methods. Closes #552
+  * Fixed; using `Stream#pipe()` instead of `sys.pump()` in `res.sendfile()`
+  * Fixed; using _qs_ module instead of _querystring_
+  * Fixed; strip unsafe chars from jsonp callbacks
+  * Removed "stream threshold" setting
+
+1.0.8 / 2011-03-01 
+==================
+
+  * Allow `req.query` to be pre-defined (via middleware or other parent app)
+  * "connect": ">= 0.5.0 < 1.0.0". Closes #547
+  * Removed the long deprecated __EXPRESS_ENV__ support
+
+1.0.7 / 2011-02-07 
+==================
+
+  * Fixed `render()` setting inheritance.
+    Mounted apps would not inherit "view engine"
+
+1.0.6 / 2011-02-07 
+==================
+
+  * Fixed `view engine` setting bug when period is in dirname
+
+1.0.5 / 2011-02-05 
+==================
+
+  * Added secret to generated app `session()` call
+
+1.0.4 / 2011-02-05 
+==================
+
+  * Added `qs` dependency to _package.json_
+  * Fixed namespaced `require()`s for latest connect support
+
+1.0.3 / 2011-01-13 
+==================
+
+  * Remove unsafe characters from JSONP callback names [Ryan Grove]
+
+1.0.2 / 2011-01-10 
+==================
+
+  * Removed nested require, using `connect.router`
+
+1.0.1 / 2010-12-29 
+==================
+
+  * Fixed for middleware stacked via `createServer()`
+    previously the `foo` middleware passed to `createServer(foo)`
+    would not have access to Express methods such as `res.send()`
+    or props like `req.query` etc.
+
 1.0.0 / 2010-11-16 
 ==================
 

LICENSE

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 (The MIT License)
 
-Copyright (c) 2009-2010 TJ Holowaychuk <tj@vision-media.ca>
+Copyright (c) 2009-2011 TJ Holowaychuk <tj@vision-media.ca>
 
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
 a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the

Makefile

@@ -1,76 +1,35 @@
 
-PREFIX ?= /usr/local
-LIB_PREFIX = ~/.node_libraries
-
-DOCS = docs/index.md \
-	   docs/executable.md \
-	   docs/contrib.md \
-	   docs/guide.md \
-	   docs/migrate.md \
-	   docs/applications.md
-
-MANPAGES =$(DOCS:.md=.1)
+DOCS = $(shell find docs/*.md)
 HTMLDOCS =$(DOCS:.md=.html)
-
-install: install-docs
-	@mkdir -p $(PREFIX)/bin
-	@mkdir -p $(LIB_PREFIX)
-	cp -f bin/express $(PREFIX)/bin/express
-	cp -fr lib/express $(LIB_PREFIX)/express
-
-uninstall: uninstall-docs
-	rm -f $(PREFIX)/bin/express
-	rm -fr $(LIB_PREFIX)/express
-
-install-support:
-	cd support/connect && $(MAKE) install
-
-uninstall-support:
-	cd support/connect && $(MAKE) uninstall
-
-install-docs:
-	@mkdir -p $(PREFIX)/share/man/man1
-	cp -f docs/executable.1 $(PREFIX)/share/man/man1/express.1
-
-uninstall-docs:
-	rm -f $(PREFIX)/share/man/man1/express.1
+TESTS = $(shell find test/*.test.js)
 
 test:
-	@NODE_ENV=test ./support/expresso/bin/expresso \
+	@NODE_ENV=test ./node_modules/.bin/expresso \
 		-I lib \
-		-I support/connect/lib \
-		-I support/haml/lib \
-		-I support/jade/lib \
-		-I support/ejs/lib \
 		$(TESTFLAGS) \
-		test/*.test.js
+		$(TESTS)
 
 test-cov:
 	@TESTFLAGS=--cov $(MAKE) test
 
-docs: docs/api.html $(MANPAGES) $(HTMLDOCS)
+docs: $(HTMLDOCS)
 	@ echo "... generating TOC"
 	@./support/toc.js docs/guide.html
 
-docs/api.html: lib/express/*.js
-	dox \
-		--private \
-		--title Express \
-		--desc "High performance web framework for [node](http://nodejs.org)." \
-		$(shell find lib/express/* -type f) > $@
-
-%.1: %.md
-	@echo "... $< -> $@"
-	@ronn -r --pipe $< > $@
-
 %.html: %.md
 	@echo "... $< -> $@"
-	@ronn -5 --pipe --fragment $< \
+	@markdown $< \
 	  | cat docs/layout/head.html - docs/layout/foot.html \
-	  | sed 's/NAME/Express/g' \
 	  > $@
 
+site:
+	rm -fr /tmp/docs \
+	  && cp -fr docs /tmp/docs \
+	  && git checkout gh-pages \
+  	&& cp -fr /tmp/docs/* . \
+		&& echo "done"
+
 docclean:
 	rm -f docs/*.{1,html}
 
-.PHONY: install uninstall install-docs install-support uninstall-support install-docs uninstall-docs test test-cov docs docclean
+.PHONY: site test test-cov docs docclean

Readme.md

@@ -5,22 +5,20 @@
   built on [node](http://nodejs.org) and [Connect](http://github.com/senchalabs/connect).
   
      var app = express.createServer();
-    
+     
      app.get('/', function(req, res){
-         res.send('Hello World');
+       res.send('Hello World');
      });
-
-	 app.listen(3000);
+     
+     app.listen(3000);
 
 ## Installation
 
-npm:
-
     $ npm install express
 
-curl:
+or to access the `express(1)` executable install globally:
 
-    $ curl -# http://expressjs.com/install.sh | sh
+    $ npm install -g express
 
 ## Features
 
@@ -60,28 +58,51 @@ The following are the major contributors of Express (in no specific order).
 
 ## More Information
 
-  * Express [Contrib](http://github.com/visionmedia/express-contrib) repo for additional functionality
+  * [express-expose](http://github.com/visionmedia/express-expose) expose objects, functions, modules and more to client-side js with ease
+  * [express-configure](http://github.com/visionmedia/express-configuration) async configuration support
+  * [express-messages](http://github.com/visionmedia/express-messages) flash notification rendering helper
+  * [express-namespace](http://github.com/visionmedia/express-namespace) namespaced route support
+  * [express-params](https://github.com/visionmedia/express-params) param pre-condition functions
+  * [express-mongoose](https://github.com/LearnBoost/express-mongoose) plugin for easy rendering of Mongoose async Query results
   * Follow [tjholowaychuk](http://twitter.com/tjholowaychuk) on twitter for updates
   * [Google Group](http://groups.google.com/group/express-js) for discussion
   * Visit the [Wiki](http://github.com/visionmedia/express/wiki)
+  * Screencast - [Introduction](http://bit.ly/eRYu0O)
+  * Screencast - [View Partials](http://bit.ly/dU13Fx)
+  * Screencast - [Route Specific Middleware](http://bit.ly/hX4IaH)
+  * Screencast - [Route Path Placeholder Preconditions](http://bit.ly/eNqmVs)
 
 ## Node Compatibility
-    
-The latest release of Express is compatible with node --version:
 
-    v0.2.4
+Express 1.x is compatible with node 0.2.x and connect < 1.0.
 
-and connect --version:
+Express 2.x is compatible with node 0.4.x and connect 1.x
 
-    0.3.0
+## Viewing Examples
 
-Express 1.x is maintained in the _1.x_ branch.
+First install the dev dependencies to install all the example / test suite deps:
+
+    $ npm install
+
+then run whichever tests you want:
+
+    $ node examples/jade/app.js
+
+## Running Tests
+
+To run the test suite first invoke the following command within the repo, installing the development dependencies:
+
+    $ npm install
+
+then run the tests:
+
+    $ make test
 
 ## License 
 
 (The MIT License)
 
-Copyright (c) 2009-2010 TJ Holowaychuk &lt;tj@vision-media.ca&gt;
+Copyright (c) 2009-2011 TJ Holowaychuk &lt;tj@vision-media.ca&gt;
 
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
 a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the

bin/express

@@ -5,20 +5,13 @@
  */
 
 var fs = require('fs')
-  , sys = require('sys')
   , exec = require('child_process').exec;
 
 /**
  * Framework version.
  */
 
-var version = '1.0.0';
-
-/**
- * stdin stream.
- */
-
-var stdin;
+var version = '2.3.9';
 
 /**
  * Add session support.
@@ -43,14 +36,15 @@ var templateEngine = 'jade';
  */
 
 var usage = ''
-  + '\x1b[1mUsage\x1b[0m: express [options] [PATH]\n'
   + '\n'
-  + '\x1b[1mOptions\x1b[0m:\n'
-  + '  -s, --sessions         Add session support\n'
-  + '  -t, --template ENGINE  Add template ENGINE support (jade|ejs). Defaults to jade\n'
-  + '  -c, --css ENGINE       Add stylesheet ENGINE support (less|sass). Defaults to plain css\n'
-  + '  -v, --version          Output framework version\n'
-  + '  -h, --help             Output help information\n'
+  + '  Usage: express [options] [path]\n'
+  + '\n'
+  + '  Options:\n'
+  + '    -s, --sessions           add session support\n'
+  + '    -t, --template <engine>  add template <engine> support (jade|ejs). default=jade\n'
+  + '    -c, --css <engine>       add stylesheet <engine> support (less|sass|stylus). default=plain css\n'
+  + '    -v, --version            output framework version\n'
+  + '    -h, --help               output help information\n'
   ;
 
 /**
@@ -110,6 +104,10 @@ var css = [
   , '  padding: 50px;'
   , '  font: 14px "Lucida Grande", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'
   , '}'
+  , ''
+  , 'a {'
+  , '  color: #00B7FF;'
+  , '}'
 ].join('\n');
 
 /**
@@ -121,6 +119,10 @@ var less = [
   , '  padding: 50px;'
   , '  font: 14px "Lucida Grande", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;'
   , '}'
+  , ''
+  , 'a {'
+  , '  color: #00B7FF;'
+  , '}'
 ].join('\n');
 
 /**
@@ -131,6 +133,20 @@ var sass = [
     'body'
   , '  :padding 50px'
   , '  :font 14px "Lucida Grande", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif'
+  , 'a'
+  , '  :color #00B7FF'
+].join('\n');
+
+/**
+ * Default stylus template.
+ */
+
+var stylus = [
+    'body'
+  , '  padding 50px'
+  , '  font 14px "Lucida Grande", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif'
+  , 'a'
+  , '  color #00B7FF'
 ].join('\n');
 
 /**
@@ -145,10 +161,11 @@ var appTest = [
   , " * Module dependencies."
   , " */"
   , ""
-  , "var app = require('../app');"
+  , "var app = require('../app')"
+  , "  , assert = require('assert');"
   , "",
   , "module.exports = {"
-  , "  'GET /': function(assert){"
+  , "  'GET /': function(){"
   , "    assert.response(app,"
   , "      { url: '/' },"
   , "      { status: 200, headers: { 'Content-Type': 'text/html; charset=utf-8' }},"
@@ -178,10 +195,10 @@ var app = [
   , 'app.configure(function(){'
   , '  app.set(\'views\', __dirname + \'/views\');'
   , '  app.set(\'view engine\', \':TEMPLATE\');'
-  , '  app.use(express.bodyDecoder());'
-  , '  app.use(express.methodOverride());:SESS:CSS'
+  , '  app.use(express.bodyParser());'
+  , '  app.use(express.methodOverride());{sess}{css}'
   , '  app.use(app.router);'
-  , '  app.use(express.staticProvider(__dirname + \'/public\'));'
+  , '  app.use(express.static(__dirname + \'/public\'));'
   , '});'
   , ''
   , 'app.configure(\'development\', function(){'
@@ -196,18 +213,12 @@ var app = [
   , ''
   , 'app.get(\'/\', function(req, res){'
   , '  res.render(\'index\', {'
-  , '    locals: {'
-  , '      title: \'Express\''
-  , '    }'
+  , '    title: \'Express\''
   , '  });'
   , '});'
   , ''
-  , '// Only listen on $ node app.js'
-  , ''
-  , 'if (!module.parent) {'
-  , '  app.listen(3000);'
-  , '  console.log("Express server listening on port %d", app.address().port)'
-  , '}'
+  , 'app.listen(3000);'
+  , 'console.log("Express server listening on port %d", app.address().port);'
   , ''
 ].join('\n');
 
@@ -258,7 +269,7 @@ while (args.length) {
     } else {
       confirm('destination is not empty, continue? ', function(ok){
         if (ok) {
-          stdin.destroy();
+          process.stdin.destroy();
           createApplicationAt(path);
         } else {
           abort('aborting');
@@ -282,6 +293,9 @@ function createApplicationAt(path) {
     mkdir(path + '/public/images');
     mkdir(path + '/public/stylesheets', function(){
       switch (cssEngine) {
+        case 'stylus':
+          write(path + '/public/stylesheets/style.styl', stylus);
+          break;
         case 'less':
           write(path + '/public/stylesheets/style.less', less);
           break;
@@ -292,7 +306,7 @@ function createApplicationAt(path) {
           write(path + '/public/stylesheets/style.css', css);
       }
     });
-    mkdir(path + '/views/partials', function(){
+    mkdir(path + '/views', function(){
       switch (templateEngine) {
         case 'ejs':
           write(path + '/views/layout.ejs', ejsLayout);
@@ -312,15 +326,18 @@ function createApplicationAt(path) {
     switch (cssEngine) {
       case 'sass':
       case 'less':
-        app = app.replace(':CSS', '\n  app.use(express.compiler({ src: __dirname + \'/public\', enable: [\'' + cssEngine + '\'] }));');
+        app = app.replace('{css}', '\n  app.use(express.compiler({ src: __dirname + \'/public\', enable: [\'' + cssEngine + '\'] }));');
+        break;
+      case 'stylus':
+        app = app.replace('{css}', '\n  app.use(require(\'stylus\').middleware({ src: __dirname + \'/public\' }));');
         break;
       default:
-        app = app.replace(':CSS', '');
+        app = app.replace('{css}', '');
     }
 
     // Session support
-    app = app.replace(':SESS', sessions
-      ? '\n  app.use(express.cookieDecoder());\n  app.use(express.session());'
+    app = app.replace('{sess}', sessions
+      ? '\n  app.use(express.cookieParser());\n  app.use(express.session({ secret: \'your secret here\' }));'
       : '');
 
     // Template support
@@ -351,7 +368,7 @@ function createApplicationAt(path) {
 
 function emptyDirectory(path, fn) {
   fs.readdir(path, function(err, files){
-    if (err && err.errno !== process.ENOENT) throw err;
+    if (err && 'ENOENT' != err.code) throw err;
     fn(!files || !files.length);
   });
 }
@@ -365,7 +382,7 @@ function emptyDirectory(path, fn) {
 
 function write(path, str) {
   fs.writeFile(path, str);
-  console.log('   \x1b[33mcreate\x1b[0m : ' + path);
+  console.log('   \x1b[36mcreate\x1b[0m : ' + path);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -389,13 +406,18 @@ function confirm(msg, fn) {
  */
 
 function prompt(msg, fn) {
-  stdin = stdin || process.openStdin();
-  sys[msg[msg.length - 1] == ' ' ? 'print' : 'puts'](msg);
-  stdin.setEncoding('ascii');
-  stdin.addListener('data', function(data){
+  // prompt
+  if (' ' == msg[msg.length - 1]) {
+    process.stdout.write(msg);
+  } else {
+    console.log(msg);
+  }
+
+  // stdin
+  process.stdin.setEncoding('ascii');
+  process.stdin.once('data', function(data){
     fn(data);
-    stdin.removeListener('data', arguments.callee);
-  });
+  }).resume();
 }
 
 /**
@@ -408,7 +430,7 @@ function prompt(msg, fn) {
 function mkdir(path, fn) {
   exec('mkdir -p ' + path, function(err){
     if (err) throw err;
-    console.log('   \x1b[33mcreate\x1b[0m : ' + path);
+    console.log('   \x1b[36mcreate\x1b[0m : ' + path);
     fn && fn();
   });
 }

docs/applications.1

@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "APPLICATIONS" "" "October 2010" "" ""
-.
-.SH "NAME"
-\fBapplications\fR
-.
-.P
-Learnboost \fIhttp://learnboost\.com\fR is a free online gradebook application, aimed to crush the competition with innovative, realtime, enjoyable features\.
-.
-.P
- \fIhttp://learnboost\.com\fR
-.
-.P
-Storify \fIhttp://storify\.com\fR lets you turn what people post on social media websites into compelling stories\.
-.
-.P
- \fIhttp://storify\.com\fR
-.
-.P
-Pakistan Survey \fIhttp://pakistansurvey\.org/\fR by Development Seed \fIhttp://developmentseed\.org\fR, provides in\-depth agency\-specific analysis from regional experts with data from 1,000 interviews across 120 villages in all seven tribal agencies and mapping of 142 reported drone strikes in FATA through July 2010\.
-.
-.P
- \fIhttp://pakistansurvey\.org\fR
-.
-.P
-Markup\.IO \fIhttp://markup\.io\fR allows you to draw directly on \fIany\fR website, then share with others to share your thoughts\.
-.
-.P
- \fIhttp://markup\.io\fR
-.
-.P
-Scrabb\.ly \fIhttp://scrabb\.ly\fR is a massively multiplayer scrabble game initially created for the Node Knockout \fIhttp://nodeknockout\.com/\fR competition\.
-.
-.P
- \fIhttp://scrabb\.ly\fR
-.
-.P
-ClickDummy \fIhttp://clickdummy\.net/\fR is a rapid mockup prototyping application for designers and dummies\.
-.
-.P
- \fIhttp://clickdummy\.net\fR
-.
-.P
-Node Knockout \fIhttp://nodeknockout\.com\fR organized the first ever node\-specific competition with hundreds of contestants\.
-.
-.P
- \fIhttp://nodeknockout\.com\fR
-.
-.P
-Widescript \fIhttp://widescript\.com\fR is an innovative app that helps you focus and interact with your texts \- on your desktop, your couch or on the go\.
-.
-.P
- \fIhttp://widescript\.com\fR
-.
-.P
-e\-resistable \fIhttp://www\.e\-resistible\.co\.uk/\fR is an online order takeaway system providing an intuitive way to fill your belly from your computer!
-.
-.P
- \fIhttp://www\.e\-resistible\.co\.uk\fR
-.
-.P
-Top Twitter Trends \fIhttp://toptwittertrends\.com\fR utilizes MongoDB, Socket\.IO, jQuery and many other exciting libraries to bring you trending tweets in realtime\.
-.
-.P
- \fIhttp://toptwittertrends\.com\fR
-.
-.P
-The applications shown above are not listed in any specific order\. To have an application added or removed please contact TJ Holowaychuk \fIhttp://github\.com/visionmedia\fR\.

docs/applications.html

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@
 				font-size: 11px;
 			}
 			#menu {
-			  margin-left: 65px;
+			  margin-left: 75px;
 			  padding: 0;
 			  padding-bottom: 30px; }
 			  #menu li {
@@ -187,14 +187,9 @@
 				<ul id="menu">
 					<li><a href="index.html">Home</a></li>
 					<li><a href="guide.html">Guide</a></li>
-					<li><a href="contrib.html">Contributing</a></li>
+					<li><a href="screencasts.html">Screencasts</a></li>
 					<li><a href="applications.html">Applications</a></li>
 				</ul>
-<div class='mp'>
-<h2 id="Express">Express</h2>
-<p class="man-name">
-  <code>applications</code>
-</p>
 
 
 <br />
@@ -228,7 +223,7 @@
 
 <p><a href="http://nodeknockout.com"><img src="images/apps/nodeko.png" alt="Node Knockout Competition Express" /></a></p>
 
-<p><a href="http://widescript.com">Widescript</a> is an innovative app that helps you focus and interact with your texts - on your desktop, your couch or on the go.</p>
+<p><a href="http://widescript.com">Widescript</a> is an innovative app that helps you focus and interact with your texts &ndash; on your desktop, your couch or on the go.</p>
 
 <p><a href="http://widescript.com"><img src="images/apps/widescript.png" alt="Widescript" /></a></p>
 
@@ -244,9 +239,7 @@
 
 
 <p>The applications shown above are not listed in any specific order. To have an application added or removed please contact <a href="http://github.com/visionmedia">TJ Holowaychuk</a>.</p>
-
-</div>
 			</div>
 		</div>
 	</body>
-</html>
+</html>

docs/contrib.1

@@ -1,82 +0,0 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "CONTRIB" "" "October 2010" "" ""
-.
-.SH "NAME"
-\fBcontrib\fR
-.
-.SS "Development Dependencies"
-Express development dependencies are stored within the \fI\./support\fR directory\. To update them execute:
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-$ git submodule update \-\-init
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.SS "Running Tests"
-Express uses the Expresso \fIhttp://github\.com/visionmedia/expresso\fR TDD framework to write and run elegant test suites extremely fast\. To run all test suites simply execute:
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-$ make test
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.P
-To target specific suites we may specify the files via:
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-$ make test TESTS=test/view\.test\.js
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.P
-To check test coverage run:
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-$ make test\-cov
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.SS "Contributions"
-To accept a contribution, you should follow these guidelines:
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-All tests \fImust\fR pass
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Your alterations or additions \fImust\fR include tests
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Your commit(s) should be \fIfocused\fR, do not commit once for several changes
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Do \fInot\fR alter release information such as the \fIversion\fR, or \fIHistory\.md\fR
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Indents are \fI2\fR spaces\.
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.SS "Documentation"
-To contribute documentation edit the markdown files in \fI\./docs\fR, however do \fInot\fR run \fImake docs\fR, as they will be re\-built and published with each release\.

docs/contrib.html

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@
 				font-size: 11px;
 			}
 			#menu {
-			  margin-left: 65px;
+			  margin-left: 75px;
 			  padding: 0;
 			  padding-bottom: 30px; }
 			  #menu li {
@@ -187,15 +187,10 @@
 				<ul id="menu">
 					<li><a href="index.html">Home</a></li>
 					<li><a href="guide.html">Guide</a></li>
-					<li><a href="contrib.html">Contributing</a></li>
+					<li><a href="screencasts.html">Screencasts</a></li>
 					<li><a href="applications.html">Applications</a></li>
 				</ul>
-<div class='mp'>
-<h2 id="Express">Express</h2>
-<p class="man-name">
-  <code>contrib</code>
-</p>
-<h3 id="Development-Dependencies">Development Dependencies</h3>
+<h3>Development Dependencies</h3>
 
 <p>Express development dependencies are stored within the <em>./support</em> directory. To
 update them execute:</p>
@@ -203,7 +198,7 @@ update them execute:</p>
 <pre><code>$ git submodule update --init
 </code></pre>
 
-<h3 id="Running-Tests">Running Tests</h3>
+<h3>Running Tests</h3>
 
 <p>Express uses the <a href="http://github.com/visionmedia/expresso">Expresso</a> TDD
 framework to write and run elegant test suites extremely fast. To run all test suites
@@ -222,7 +217,7 @@ simply execute:</p>
 <pre><code>$ make test-cov
 </code></pre>
 
-<h3 id="Contributions">Contributions</h3>
+<h3>Contributions</h3>
 
 <p>To accept a contribution, you should follow these guidelines:</p>
 
@@ -235,13 +230,11 @@ simply execute:</p>
 </ul>
 
 
-<h3 id="Documentation">Documentation</h3>
+<h3>Documentation</h3>
 
 <p>To contribute documentation edit the markdown files in <em>./docs</em>, however
 do <em>not</em> run <em>make docs</em>, as they will be re-built and published with each release.</p>
-
-</div>
 			</div>
 		</div>
 	</body>
-</html>
+</html>

docs/contrib.md

@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 
 ### Development Dependencies
 
-Express development dependencies are stored within the _./support_ directory. To
-update them execute:
+First install the dev dependencies by executing the following command in the repo's directory:
 
-    $ git submodule update --init
+    $ npm install
 
 ### Running Tests
 

docs/executable.1

@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "EXECUTABLE" "" "October 2010" "" ""
-.
-.SH "NAME"
-\fBexecutable\fR
-.
-.SH "Synopsis"
-.
-.nf
-
-express [\-h|\-\-help] [\-v|\-\-version] [\-c|\-css ENGINE] [PATH]
-.
-.fi
-.
-.SH "Description"
-The \fBexpress\fR executable generates apps at the given \fBPATH\fR or the current working directory\. Although Express is not bound to a specific application structure, this executable creates a maintainable base app\.
-.
-.SH "Options"
-.
-.nf
-
-\-s, \-\-sessions        Add session support
-\-c, \-\-css ENGINE      Add css ENGINE support (less|sass)\. Defaults to plain css
-\-v, \-\-version         Output framework version
-\-h, \-\-help            Display help information
-.
-.fi
-

docs/executable.html

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@
 				font-size: 11px;
 			}
 			#menu {
-			  margin-left: 65px;
+			  margin-left: 75px;
 			  padding: 0;
 			  padding-bottom: 30px; }
 			  #menu li {
@@ -187,35 +187,29 @@
 				<ul id="menu">
 					<li><a href="index.html">Home</a></li>
 					<li><a href="guide.html">Guide</a></li>
-					<li><a href="contrib.html">Contributing</a></li>
+					<li><a href="screencasts.html">Screencasts</a></li>
 					<li><a href="applications.html">Applications</a></li>
 				</ul>
-<div class='mp'>
-<h2 id="Express">Express</h2>
-<p class="man-name">
-  <code>executable</code>
-</p>
-<h2 id="Synopsis">Synopsis</h2>
+<h2>Synopsis</h2>
 
-<pre><code>express [-h|--help] [-v|--version] [-c|-css ENGINE] [PATH]
+<pre><code>express [options] [PATH]
 </code></pre>
 
-<h2 id="Description">Description</h2>
+<h2>Description</h2>
 
-<p>The <code>express</code> executable generates apps at the given <strong>PATH</strong> or the
+<p>The <em>express</em> executable generates apps at the given <strong>PATH</strong> or the
 current working directory. Although Express is not bound to a specific
 application structure, this executable creates a maintainable base app.</p>
 
-<h2 id="Options">Options</h2>
+<h2>Options</h2>
 
-<pre><code>-s, --sessions        Add session support
--c, --css ENGINE      Add css ENGINE support (less|sass). Defaults to plain css
--v, --version         Output framework version
--h, --help            Display help information
+<pre><code>  -s, --sessions         Add session support
+  -t, --template ENGINE  Add template ENGINE support (jade|ejs). Defaults to jade
+  -c, --css ENGINE       Add stylesheet ENGINE support (less|sass|stylus). Defaults to plain css
+  -v, --version          Output framework version
+  -h, --help             Output help information
 </code></pre>
-
-</div>
 			</div>
 		</div>
 	</body>
-</html>
+</html>

docs/executable.md

@@ -1,18 +1,21 @@
 
 ## Synopsis
 
-    express [-h|--help] [-v|--version] [-c|-css ENGINE] [PATH]
+    express [options] [PATH]
 
 ## Description
 
-The `express` executable generates apps at the given **PATH** or the 
+The _express_ executable generates apps at the given **PATH** or the 
 current working directory. Although Express is not bound to a specific
 application structure, this executable creates a maintainable base app.
 
 ## Options
 
-    -s, --sessions        Add session support
-    -c, --css ENGINE      Add css ENGINE support (less|sass). Defaults to plain css
-    -v, --version         Output framework version
-    -h, --help            Display help information
+      -s, --sessions         Add session support
+      -t, --template ENGINE  Add template ENGINE support (jade|ejs). Defaults to jade
+      -c, --css ENGINE       Add stylesheet ENGINE support (less|sass|stylus). Defaults to plain css
+      -v, --version          Output framework version
+      -h, --help             Output help information
+
+
 

docs/index.1

@@ -1,106 +0,0 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "INDEX" "" "October 2010" "" ""
-.
-.SH "NAME"
-\fBindex\fR
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-var app = express\.createServer();
-
-app\.get(\'/\', function(req, res){
-    res\.send(\'Hello World\');
-});
-
-app\.listen(3000);
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.SH "Features"
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Robust routing
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Redirection helpers
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Dynamic view helpers
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Application level view options
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Content negotiation
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Focus on high performance
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-View rendering and partials support
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Environment based configuration
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Session based flash notifications
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Built on Connect \fIhttp://github\.com/senchalabs/connect\fR
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Executable \fIexecutable\.html\fR for generating applications quickly
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-High test coverage
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.SH "Contributors"
-The following are the major contributors of Express (in no specific order)\.
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-TJ Holowaychuk (visionmedia \fIhttp://github\.com/visionmedia\fR)
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Ciaran Jessup (ciaranj \fIhttp://github\.com/ciaranj\fR)
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Aaron Heckmann (aheckmann \fIhttp://github\.com/aheckmann\fR)
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Guillermo Rauch (guille \fIhttp://github\.com/guille\fR)
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.SH "More Information"
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Google Group \fIhttp://groups\.google\.com/group/express\-js\fR for discussion
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Follow tjholowaychuk \fIhttp://twitter\.com/tjholowaychuk\fR on twitter for updates
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-Annotated source documentation \fIapi\.html\fR
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-View the Connect \fIhttp://github\.com/senchalabs/connect\fR repo for middleware usage
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-View the Connect Wiki \fIhttp://wiki\.github\.com/senchalabs/connect/\fR for contrib middleware
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-View the examples \fIhttp://github\.com/visionmedia/express/tree/master/examples/\fR
-.
-.IP "\(bu" 4
-View the source \fIhttp://github\.com/visionmedia/express\fR
-.
-.IP "" 0
-

docs/index.html

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@
 				font-size: 11px;
 			}
 			#menu {
-			  margin-left: 65px;
+			  margin-left: 75px;
 			  padding: 0;
 			  padding-bottom: 30px; }
 			  #menu li {
@@ -187,14 +187,9 @@
 				<ul id="menu">
 					<li><a href="index.html">Home</a></li>
 					<li><a href="guide.html">Guide</a></li>
-					<li><a href="contrib.html">Contributing</a></li>
+					<li><a href="screencasts.html">Screencasts</a></li>
 					<li><a href="applications.html">Applications</a></li>
 				</ul>
-<div class='mp'>
-<h2 id="Express">Express</h2>
-<p class="man-name">
-  <code>index</code>
-</p>
 <pre><code>var app = express.createServer();
 
 app.get('/', function(req, res){
@@ -204,7 +199,7 @@ app.get('/', function(req, res){
 app.listen(3000);
 </code></pre>
 
-<h2 id="Features">Features</h2>
+<h2>Features</h2>
 
 <ul>
 <li>Robust routing</li>
@@ -212,6 +207,7 @@ app.listen(3000);
 <li>Dynamic view helpers</li>
 <li>Application level view options</li>
 <li>Content negotiation</li>
+<li>Application mounting</li>
 <li>Focus on high performance</li>
 <li>View rendering and partials support</li>
 <li>Environment based configuration</li>
@@ -222,7 +218,7 @@ app.listen(3000);
 </ul>
 
 
-<h2 id="Contributors">Contributors</h2>
+<h2>Contributors</h2>
 
 <p>The following are the major contributors of Express (in no specific order).</p>
 
@@ -234,21 +230,31 @@ app.listen(3000);
 </ul>
 
 
-<h2 id="More-Information">More Information</h2>
+<h2>Third-Party Modules</h2>
+
+<p>The following modules compliment or extend Express directly:</p>
+
+<ul>
+<li><a href="http://github.com/visionmedia/express-resource">express-resource</a> provides resourceful routing</li>
+<li><a href="http://github.com/visionmedia/express-messages">express-messages</a> flash message notification rendering</li>
+<li><a href="http://github.com/visionmedia/express-configuration">express-configure</a> async configuration support (load settings from redis etc)</li>
+<li><a href="http://github.com/visionmedia/express-namespace">express-namespace</a> namespaced routing support</li>
+</ul>
+
+
+<h2>More Information</h2>
 
 <ul>
 <li><a href="http://groups.google.com/group/express-js">Google Group</a> for discussion</li>
 <li>Follow <a href="http://twitter.com/tjholowaychuk">tjholowaychuk</a> on twitter for updates</li>
-<li>Annotated source <a href="api.html">documentation</a></li>
-<li>View the <a href="http://github.com/senchalabs/connect">Connect</a> repo for middleware usage</li>
+<li>View the <a href="http://senchalabs.github.com/connect">Connect</a> documentation</li>
 <li>View the <a href="http://wiki.github.com/senchalabs/connect/">Connect Wiki</a> for contrib middleware</li>
 <li>View the <a href="http://github.com/visionmedia/express/tree/master/examples/">examples</a></li>
 <li>View the <a href="http://github.com/visionmedia/express">source</a></li>
+<li>View the <a href="contrib.html">contrib guide</a></li>
 </ul>
 
-
-</div>
 			</div>
 		</div>
 	</body>
-</html>
+</html>

docs/index.md

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
   * Dynamic view helpers
   * Application level view options
   * Content negotiation
+  * Application mounting
   * Focus on high performance
   * View rendering and partials support
   * Environment based configuration
@@ -31,12 +32,21 @@ The following are the major contributors of Express (in no specific order).
   * Aaron Heckmann ([aheckmann](http://github.com/aheckmann))
   * Guillermo Rauch ([guille](http://github.com/guille))
 
+## Third-Party Modules
+
+The following modules compliment or extend Express directly:
+
+  * [express-resource](http://github.com/visionmedia/express-resource) provides resourceful routing
+  * [express-messages](http://github.com/visionmedia/express-messages) flash message notification rendering
+  * [express-configure](http://github.com/visionmedia/express-configuration) async configuration support (load settings from redis etc)
+  * [express-namespace](http://github.com/visionmedia/express-namespace) namespaced routing support
+
 ## More Information
 
   * [Google Group](http://groups.google.com/group/express-js) for discussion
   * Follow [tjholowaychuk](http://twitter.com/tjholowaychuk) on twitter for updates
-  * Annotated source [documentation](api.html)
-  * View the [Connect](http://github.com/senchalabs/connect) repo for middleware usage
+  * View the [Connect](http://senchalabs.github.com/connect) documentation
   * View the [Connect Wiki](http://wiki.github.com/senchalabs/connect/) for contrib middleware
   * View the [examples](http://github.com/visionmedia/express/tree/master/examples/)
   * View the [source](http://github.com/visionmedia/express)
+  * View the [contrib guide](contrib.html)

docs/layout/head.html

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@
 				font-size: 11px;
 			}
 			#menu {
-			  margin-left: 65px;
+			  margin-left: 75px;
 			  padding: 0;
 			  padding-bottom: 30px; }
 			  #menu li {
@@ -187,6 +187,6 @@
 				<ul id="menu">
 					<li><a href="index.html">Home</a></li>
 					<li><a href="guide.html">Guide</a></li>
-					<li><a href="contrib.html">Contributing</a></li>
+					<li><a href="screencasts.html">Screencasts</a></li>
 					<li><a href="applications.html">Applications</a></li>
 				</ul>

docs/migrate.1

@@ -1,347 +0,0 @@
-.\" generated with Ronn/v0.7.3
-.\" http://github.com/rtomayko/ronn/tree/0.7.3
-.
-.TH "MIGRATE" "" "October 2010" "" ""
-.
-.SH "NAME"
-\fBmigrate\fR
-.
-.SS "Built On Connect"
-Express 1\.x is written to run on\-top of the Connect \fIhttp://extjs\.github\.com/Connect\fR middlware framework, thus the \fIPlugin\fR has been replaced by Connect\'s middleware\. By abstracting our middleware to Connect we allow additional community frameworks to develop robust, high\-level frameworks using the same technologies as Express\.
-.
-.SS "Creating Applications"
-Previously due to legacy code implemented in the early days of node, Express unfortunately had some globals\. The DSL would previously be accessed as shown below:
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-require(\'express\');
-
-configure(function(){
-    // app configuration
-});
-
-get(\'/\', function(){
-    return \'hello world\';
-});
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.P
-Now we utilize the CommonJS module system appropriately, and introduce \fIexpress\.createServer()\fR which accepts the same arguments as \fIhttp\.createServer()\fR:
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-var express = require(\'express\'),
-    app = express\.createServer();
-
-app\.configure(function(){
-    // app configuration
-});
-
-app\.get(\'/\', function(req, res){
-    res\.send(\'hello world\');
-});
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.P
-Express 1\.x does \fInot\fR currently allow returning of a string\.
-.
-.SS "Plugins vs Middleware"
-Previously Express was bundled with plugins, which were essentially what are now Connect middleware\. Previously plugins would be utilized in a manor similar to below:
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-use(Logger);
-use(MethodOverride);
-use(Cookie);
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.P
-Which we can now \fIuse()\fR within our app, or pass to the \fIexpress\.createServer()\fR method:
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-var app = express\.createServer(
-    express\.logger(),
-    express\.methodOverride(),
-    express\.cookieDecoder()
-);
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.P
-or:
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-var app = express\.createServer();
-
-app\.use(express\.logger());
-app\.use(express\.methodOverride());
-app\.use(express\.cookieDecoder());
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.P
-For documentation on creating Connect middleware visit Middleware Authoring \fIhttp://extjs\.github\.com/Connect/#Middleware\-Authoring\fR\.
-.
-.SS "Running Applications"
-Previously a global function \fIrun()\fR, was available:
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-run();
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.P
-The new \fIexpress\.Server\fR has the same API as \fIhttp\.Server\fR, so we can do things like:
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-app\.listen();
-app\.listen(3000);
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.SS "Route Parameters"
-Previously we could use \fIthis\.param()\fR to attempt fetching a route, query string, or request body parameter:
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-get(\'/user/:id\', function(){
-    this\.param(\'id\');
-});
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.P
-Polymorphic parameter access can be done using \fBreq\.param()\fR:
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-app\.get(\'/user/:id\', function(req, res){
-    req\.param(\'id\');
-});
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.P
-Route parameters are available via \fBreq\.params\fR:
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-app\.get(\'/user/:id\', function(req, res){
-    req\.params\.id;
-});
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.SS "Passing Route Control"
-Old express had a weak notion of route passing, which did not support async, and was never properly implemented for practical use:
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-get(\'/\', function(){
-    this\.pass(\'/foobar\');
-});
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.P
-Now Express has access to Connect\'s \fInext()\fR function, which is passed as the third and final argument\. Calling \fInext()\fR will pass control to the next \fImatching route\fR, or continue down the stack of Connect middleware\.
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-app\.get(\'/user/:id?\', function(req, res, next){
-    next();
-});
-
-app\.get(\'/user\', function(){
-    // \.\.\. respond
-});
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.SS "View Rendering"
-View filenames no longer take the form \fINAME\fR\.\fITYPE\fR\.\fIENGINE\fR, the \fIContent\-Type\fR can be set via \fIres\.contentType()\fR or \fIres\.header()\fR\. For example what was previously \fIlayout\.html\.haml\fR, should now be \fIlayout\.haml\fR\.
-.
-.P
-Previously a view render looked something like this:
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-get(\'/\', function(){
-    this\.render(\'index\.html\.haml\', {
-        locals: { title: \'My Site\' }
-    });
-});
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.P
-We now have \fIres\.render()\fR, however the options passed to haml \fIhttp://github\.com/visionmedia/haml\.js\fR, jade \fIhttp://github\.com/visionmedia/jade\fR, and others remain the same\.
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-app\.get(\'/\', function(req, res){
-    res\.render(\'index\.haml\', {
-        locals: { title: \'My Site\' }
-    });
-});
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.P
-Previously rendering of a collection via \fIpartial()\fR would look something like this:
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-this\.partial(\'comment\.html\.haml\', { collection: comments });
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.P
-Although this worked just fine, it was generally to verbose, the similar but new API looks like this, as \fIpartial()\fR is \fIalways\fR passed as a local variable:
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-partial(\'comment\.haml\', { collection: comments });
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.P
-To make things even less verbose we can assume the extension when omitted:
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-partial(\'comment\', { collection: comments });
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.P
-And once again even further, when rendering a collection we can simply pass an array, if no other options are desired:
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-partial(\'comments\', comments);
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.SS "Redirecting"
-Previously you would
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-this\.redirect(\'/somewhere\');
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.P
-However you would now:
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-res\.redirect(\'/somewhere\');
-res\.redirect(\'/somewhere\', 301);
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-.
-.SS "HTTP Client"
-Previously Express provided a high level http client, this library is no more as it does not belong in Express, however it may be resurrected as a separate module\.
-.
-.SS "Core Extensions"
-Express is no longer dependent on the JavaScript Extensions \fIhttp://github\.com/visionmedia/ext\.js\fR library, so those of you using the methods provided by it such as \fBObject\.merge(a, b)\fR will need to roll your own, or install the module via:
-.
-.IP "" 4
-.
-.nf
-
-$ npm install ext
-.
-.fi
-.
-.IP "" 0
-

docs/migrate.html

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@
 				font-size: 11px;
 			}
 			#menu {
-			  margin-left: 65px;
+			  margin-left: 75px;
 			  padding: 0;
 			  padding-bottom: 30px; }
 			  #menu li {
@@ -187,226 +187,207 @@
 				<ul id="menu">
 					<li><a href="index.html">Home</a></li>
 					<li><a href="guide.html">Guide</a></li>
-					<li><a href="contrib.html">Contributing</a></li>
+					<li><a href="screencasts.html">Screencasts</a></li>
 					<li><a href="applications.html">Applications</a></li>
 				</ul>
-<div class='mp'>
-<h2 id="Express">Express</h2>
-<p class="man-name">
-  <code>migrate</code>
-</p>
-<h3 id="Built-On-Connect">Built On Connect</h3>
+<h3>Express 1.x to 2.x Migration</h3>
 
-<p>Express 1.x is written to run on-top of the <a href="http://extjs.github.com/Connect">Connect</a> middlware
-framework, thus the <em>Plugin</em> has been replaced by Connect's middleware. By abstracting our middleware
-to Connect we allow additional community frameworks to develop robust, high-level frameworks using
-the same technologies as Express.</p>
+<h3>HTTPS</h3>
 
-<h3 id="Creating-Applications">Creating Applications</h3>
+<p> Creating an HTTPS server is simply, simply pass the TLS options to <em>express.createServer()</em>:</p>
 
-<p>Previously due to legacy code implemented in the early days of node,
-Express unfortunately had some globals. The DSL would previously be
-accessed as shown below:</p>
+<pre><code> var app = express.createServer({
+     key: ...
+   , cert: ...
+ });
 
-<pre><code>require('express');
-
-configure(function(){
-    // app configuration
-});
-
-get('/', function(){
-    return 'hello world';
-});
+ app.listen(443);
 </code></pre>
 
-<p>Now we utilize the CommonJS module system appropriately, and
-introduce <em>express.createServer()</em> which accepts the same arguments
-as <em>http.createServer()</em>:</p>
+<h3>req.header() Referrer</h3>
 
-<pre><code>var express = require('express'),
-    app = express.createServer();
+<p> Previously if anyone was doing something similar to:</p>
 
-app.configure(function(){
-    // app configuration
-});
-
-app.get('/', function(req, res){
-    res.send('hello world');
-});
+<pre><code> req.headers.referrer || req.headers.referer
+ req.header('Referrer') || req.header('Referer')
 </code></pre>
 
-<p>Express 1.x does <em>not</em> currently allow returning of a string.</p>
+<p> With the new special-case we may now simply use <em>Referrer</em> which will return either if defined:</p>
 
-<h3 id="Plugins-vs-Middleware">Plugins vs Middleware</h3>
-
-<p>Previously Express was bundled with plugins, which were essentially what
-are now Connect middleware. Previously plugins would be utilized in a manor
-similar to below:</p>
-
-<pre><code>use(Logger);
-use(MethodOverride);
-use(Cookie);
+<pre><code> req.header('Referrer')
 </code></pre>
 
-<p>Which we can now <em>use()</em> within our app, or pass to the <em>express.createServer()</em> method:</p>
+<h3>res.local(name, val)</h3>
 
-<pre><code>var app = express.createServer(
-    express.logger(),
-    express.methodOverride(),
-    express.cookieDecoder()
-);
+<p> Previously all local variables had to be passed to <em>res.render()</em>, or either <em>app.helpers()</em> or <em>app.dynamicHelpers()</em>, now we may do this at the request-level progressively. The <em>res.local()</em> method accepts a <em>name</em> and <em>val</em>, however the locals passed to <em>res.render()</em> will take precedence.</p>
+
+<p> For example we may utilize this feature to create locals in middleware:</p>
+
+<pre><code> function loadUser(req, res, next) {
+   User.get(req.params.id, function(err, user){
+     res.local('user', user);
+     next();
+   });
+ }
+
+ app.get('/user/:id', loadUser, function(req, res){
+   res.render('user');
+ });
 </code></pre>
 
-<p>or:</p>
+<h3>req.param(name[, defaultValue])</h3>
 
-<pre><code>var app = express.createServer();
+<p> Previously only <em>name</em> was accepted, so some of you may have been doing the following:</p>
 
-app.use(express.logger());
-app.use(express.methodOverride());
-app.use(express.cookieDecoder());
+<pre><code> var id = req.param('id') || req.user.id;
 </code></pre>
 
-<p>For documentation on creating Connect middleware visit <a href="http://extjs.github.com/Connect/#Middleware-Authoring">Middleware Authoring</a>.</p>
+<p> The new <em>defaultValue</em> argument can handle this nicely:</p>
 
-<h3 id="Running-Applications">Running Applications</h3>
-
-<p>Previously a global function <em>run()</em>, was available:</p>
-
-<pre><code>run();
+<pre><code> var id = req.param('id', req.user.id);
 </code></pre>
 
-<p>The new <em>express.Server</em> has the same API as <em>http.Server</em>,
-so we can do things like:</p>
+<h3>app.helpers() / app.locals()</h3>
 
-<pre><code>app.listen();
-app.listen(3000);
+<p>  <em>app.locals()</em> is now an alias of <em>app.helpers()</em>, as helpers makes more sense for functions.</p>
+
+<h3>req.accepts(type)</h3>
+
+<p>  <em>req.accepts()</em> now accepts extensions:</p>
+
+<pre><code>  // Accept: text/html
+  req.accepts('html');
+  req.accepts('.html');
+  // =&gt; true
+
+  // Accept: text/*; application/json
+  req.accepts('html');
+  req.accepts('text/*');
+  req.accepts('text/plain');
+  req.accepts('application/json');
+  // =&gt; true
+
+  req.accepts('image/png');
+  req.accepts('png');
+  // =&gt; false
 </code></pre>
 
-<h3 id="Route-Parameters">Route Parameters</h3>
+<h3>res.cookie()</h3>
 
-<p>Previously we could use <em>this.param()</em> to attempt
-fetching a route, query string, or request body parameter:</p>
+<p> Previously only directly values could be passed, so for example:</p>
 
-<pre><code>get('/user/:id', function(){
-    this.param('id');
-});
+<pre><code>res.cookie('rememberme', 'yes', { expires: new Date(Date.now() + 900000) });
 </code></pre>
 
-<p>Polymorphic parameter access can be done using <code>req.param()</code>:</p>
+<p>However now we have the alternative <em>maxAge</em> property which may be used to set <em>expires</em> relative to <em>Date.now()</em> in milliseconds, so our example above can now become:</p>
 
-<pre><code>app.get('/user/:id', function(req, res){
-    req.param('id');
-});
+<pre><code>res.cookie('rememberme', 'yes', { maxAge: 900000 });
 </code></pre>
 
-<p>Route parameters are available via <code>req.params</code>:</p>
+<h3>res.download() / res.sendfile()</h3>
 
-<pre><code>app.get('/user/:id', function(req, res){
-    req.params.id;
-});
+<p> Both of these methods now utilize Connect&rsquo;s static file server behind the scenes (actually the previous Express code was ported to Connect 1.0). With this change comes a change to the callback as well. Previously the <em>path</em> and <em>stream</em> were passed, however now only an <em>error</em> is passed, when no error has occurred the callback will be invoked indicating that the file transfer is complete. The callback remains optional:</p>
+
+<pre><code> res.download('/path/to/file');
+
+ res.download('/path/to/file', function(err){
+   if (err) {
+     console.error(err);
+   } else {
+     console.log('transferred');
+   }
+ });
 </code></pre>
 
-<h3 id="Passing-Route-Control">Passing Route Control</h3>
+<p> The <em>stream threshold</em> setting was removed.</p>
 
-<p>Old express had a weak notion of route passing,
-which did not support async, and was never properly
-implemented for practical use:</p>
+<h3>res.render()</h3>
 
-<pre><code>get('/', function(){
-    this.pass('/foobar');
-});
+<p> Previously locals were passed as a separate key:</p>
+
+<pre><code> res.render('user', { layout: false, locals: { user: user }});
 </code></pre>
 
-<p>Now Express has access to Connect's <em>next()</em> function,
-which is passed as the third and final argument. Calling <em>next()</em> will
-pass control to the next <em>matching route</em>, or continue down the stack
-of Connect middleware.</p>
+<p> In Express 2.0 both the locals and the options are one in the same, meaning you cannot have a local variable named <em>layout</em> as it is reserved for express, however this cleans up the API:</p>
 
-<pre><code>app.get('/user/:id?', function(req, res, next){
-    next();
-});
-
-app.get('/user', function(){
-    // ... respond
-});
+<pre><code> res.render('user', { layout: false, user: user });
 </code></pre>
 
-<h3 id="View-Rendering">View Rendering</h3>
+<h3>res.partial()</h3>
 
-<p>View filenames no longer take the form <em>Express</em>.<em>TYPE</em>.<em>ENGINE</em>,
-the <em>Content-Type</em> can be set via <em>res.contentType()</em> or
-<em>res.header()</em>. For example what was previously <em>layout.html.haml</em>,
-should now be <em>layout.haml</em>.</p>
+<p> Express 2.0 adds the <em>res.partial()</em> method, helpful for rendering partial fragments over WebSockets or Ajax requests etc. The API is identical to the <em>partial()</em> calls within views.</p>
 
-<p>Previously a view render looked something like this:</p>
+<pre><code> // render a collection of comments
+ res.partial('comment', [comment1, comment2]); 
 
-<pre><code>get('/', function(){
-    this.render('index.html.haml', {
-        locals: { title: 'My Site' }
-    });
-});
+ // render a single comment
+ res.partial('comment', comment);
 </code></pre>
 
-<p>We now have <em>res.render()</em>, however the options passed to <a href="http://github.com/visionmedia/haml.js">haml</a>, <a href="http://github.com/visionmedia/jade">jade</a>, and others
-remain the same.</p>
+<h3>partial() locals</h3>
 
-<pre><code>app.get('/', function(req, res){
-    res.render('index.haml', {
-        locals: { title: 'My Site' }
-    });
-});
+<p> Both <em>res.partial()</em> and the <em>partial()</em> functions accept an single object consisting of both the options and the locals. Previously with Express 1.x you may pass <em>user</em> to a partial, along with <em>date</em> like so:</p>
+
+<pre><code>   partial('user', { object: user, locals: { date: new Date }})
 </code></pre>
 
-<p>Previously rendering of a collection via <em>partial()</em> would look something like this:</p>
+<p>or perhaps if you preferred not to use the inferred name <em>user</em> you may used a local for this as well:</p>
 
-<pre><code>this.partial('comment.html.haml', { collection: comments });
+<pre><code>   partial('user', { locals: { user: user, date: new Date }})
 </code></pre>
 
-<p>Although this worked just fine, it was generally to verbose, the similar but new API
-looks like this, as <em>partial()</em> is <em>always</em> passed as a local variable:</p>
+<p> With recent changes to Express 2.x the object passed is now both, so the following is valid for the <em>object</em> option and locals:</p>
 
-<pre><code>partial('comment.haml', { collection: comments });
+<pre><code>   partial('user', { object: user, date: new Date })
 </code></pre>
 
-<p>To make things even less verbose we can assume the extension when omitted:</p>
+<p> Or the following which is equivalent, however the local var name is explicitly set to <em>user</em> instead of deduced from the filename.</p>
 
-<pre><code>partial('comment', { collection: comments });
+<pre><code>   partial('user', { user: user, date: new Date })
 </code></pre>
 
-<p>And once again even further, when rendering a collection we can simply pass
-an array, if no other options are desired:</p>
+<p> When a &ldquo;basic&rdquo; object aka <em>{}</em> or <em>new Object</em> is passed, it is considered options, otherwise it is considered the <em>object</em>. The following are equivalent:</p>
 
-<pre><code>partial('comments', comments);
+<pre><code>  partial('user', user); 
+  partial('user', { object: user }); 
 </code></pre>
 
-<h3 id="Redirecting">Redirecting</h3>
+<h3>Template Engine Compliance</h3>
 
-<p>Previously you would</p>
+<p> To comply with Express previously engines needed the following signature:</p>
 
-<pre><code>this.redirect('/somewhere');
+<pre><code> engine.render(str, options, function(err){});
 </code></pre>
 
-<p>However you would now:</p>
+<p> Now they must export a <em>compile()</em> function, returning a function which when called with local variables will render the template. This allows Express to cache the compiled function in memory during production.</p>
 
-<pre><code>res.redirect('/somewhere');
-res.redirect('/somewhere', 301);
+<pre><code> var fn = engine.compile(str, options);
+ fn(locals);
 </code></pre>
 
-<h3 id="HTTP-Client">HTTP Client</h3>
+<h3>View Partial Lookup</h3>
 
-<p>Previously Express provided a high level http client, this library is no more
-as it does not belong in Express, however it may be resurrected as a separate module.</p>
+<p> Previously partials were loaded relative to the now removed <em>view partials</em> directory setting, or by default <em>views/partials</em>, now they are relative to the view calling them, read more on <a href="guide.html#View-Lookup">view lookup</a>.</p>
 
-<h3 id="Core-Extensions">Core Extensions</h3>
+<h3>Mime Types</h3>
 
-<p>Express is no longer dependent on the <a href="http://github.com/visionmedia/ext.js">JavaScript Extensions</a> library, so those of you using the methods provided by it such as <code>Object.merge(a, b)</code> will need to
-roll your own, or install the module via:</p>
+<p> Express and Connect now utilize the <em>mime</em> module in npm, so to add more use:</p>
 
-<pre><code>$ npm install ext
+<pre><code> require('mime').define({ 'foo/bar': ['foo', 'bar'] });
 </code></pre>
 
-</div>
+<h3>static() middleware</h3>
+
+<p> Previously named <code>staticProvider()</code>, the now <code>static()</code> middleware takes a single directory path, followed by options.</p>
+
+<pre><code> app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/public', { maxAge: oneYear }));
+</code></pre>
+
+<p>Previously when using options the <code>root</code> option would be used for this:</p>
+
+<pre><code> app.use(express.staticProvider({ root: __dirname + '/public', maxAge: oneYear }));
+</code></pre>
 			</div>
 		</div>
 	</body>
-</html>
+</html>

docs/migrate.md

@@ -1,189 +1,177 @@
 
-### Built On Connect
+### Express 1.x to 2.x Migration
 
-Express 1.x is written to run on-top of the [Connect](http://extjs.github.com/Connect) middlware
-framework, thus the _Plugin_ has been replaced by Connect's middleware. By abstracting our middleware
-to Connect we allow additional community frameworks to develop robust, high-level frameworks using
-the same technologies as Express.
+### HTTPS
 
-### Creating Applications
+ Creating an HTTPS server is simply, simply pass the TLS options to _express.createServer()_:
+ 
+     var app = express.createServer({
+         key: ...
+       , cert: ...
+     });
 
-Previously due to legacy code implemented in the early days of node,
-Express unfortunately had some globals. The DSL would previously be
-accessed as shown below:
+     app.listen(443);
 
-    require('express');
+### req.header() Referrer
 
-    configure(function(){
-	    // app configuration
-    });
+ Previously if anyone was doing something similar to:
+ 
+     req.headers.referrer || req.headers.referer
+     req.header('Referrer') || req.header('Referer')
 
-    get('/', function(){
-	    return 'hello world';
-    });
+ With the new special-case we may now simply use _Referrer_ which will return either if defined:
+ 
+     req.header('Referrer')
 
-Now we utilize the CommonJS module system appropriately, and
-introduce _express.createServer()_ which accepts the same arguments
-as _http.createServer()_:
+### res.local(name, val)
 
-    var express = require('express'),
-		app = express.createServer();
-	
-	app.configure(function(){
-		// app configuration
-	});
-	
-	app.get('/', function(req, res){
-		res.send('hello world');
-	});
+ Previously all local variables had to be passed to _res.render()_, or either _app.helpers()_ or _app.dynamicHelpers()_, now we may do this at the request-level progressively. The _res.local()_ method accepts a _name_ and _val_, however the locals passed to _res.render()_ will take precedence.
 
-Express 1.x does _not_ currently allow returning of a string.
+ For example we may utilize this feature to create locals in middleware:
 
-### Plugins vs Middleware
+     function loadUser(req, res, next) {
+       User.get(req.params.id, function(err, user){
+         res.local('user', user);
+         next();
+       });
+     }
 
-Previously Express was bundled with plugins, which were essentially what
-are now Connect middleware. Previously plugins would be utilized in a manor
-similar to below:
+     app.get('/user/:id', loadUser, function(req, res){
+       res.render('user');
+     });
 
-    use(Logger);
-    use(MethodOverride);
-    use(Cookie);
+### req.param(name[, defaultValue])
 
-Which we can now _use()_ within our app, or pass to the _express.createServer()_ method:
+ Previously only _name_ was accepted, so some of you may have been doing the following:
+ 
+     var id = req.param('id') || req.user.id;
 
-    var app = express.createServer(
-		express.logger(),
-		express.methodOverride(),
-		express.cookieDecoder()
-	);
+ The new _defaultValue_ argument can handle this nicely:
+ 
+     var id = req.param('id', req.user.id);
 
-or:
+### app.helpers() / app.locals()
 
-	var app = express.createServer();
+  _app.locals()_ is now an alias of _app.helpers()_, as helpers makes more sense for functions.
 
-	app.use(express.logger());
-	app.use(express.methodOverride());
-	app.use(express.cookieDecoder());
+### req.accepts(type)
 
-For documentation on creating Connect middleware visit [Middleware Authoring](http://extjs.github.com/Connect/#Middleware-Authoring).
+  _req.accepts()_ now accepts extensions:
+  
+  
+      // Accept: text/html
+      req.accepts('html');
+      req.accepts('.html');
+      // => true
+      
+      // Accept: text/*; application/json
+      req.accepts('html');
+      req.accepts('text/*');
+      req.accepts('text/plain');
+      req.accepts('application/json');
+      // => true
+      
+      req.accepts('image/png');
+      req.accepts('png');
+      // => false
 
-### Running Applications
+### res.cookie()
 
-Previously a global function _run()_, was available:
+ Previously only directly values could be passed, so for example:
 
-    run();
+    res.cookie('rememberme', 'yes', { expires: new Date(Date.now() + 900000) });
 
-The new _express.Server_ has the same API as _http.Server_,
-so we can do things like:
+However now we have the alternative _maxAge_ property which may be used to set _expires_ relative to _Date.now()_ in milliseconds, so our example above can now become:
 
-	app.listen();
-	app.listen(3000);
+    res.cookie('rememberme', 'yes', { maxAge: 900000 });
 
-### Route Parameters
+### res.download() / res.sendfile()
 
-Previously we could use _this.param()_ to attempt
-fetching a route, query string, or request body parameter:
+ Both of these methods now utilize Connect's static file server behind the scenes (actually the previous Express code was ported to Connect 1.0). With this change comes a change to the callback as well. Previously the _path_ and _stream_ were passed, however now only an _error_ is passed, when no error has occurred the callback will be invoked indicating that the file transfer is complete. The callback remains optional:
+ 
+     res.download('/path/to/file');
 
-    get('/user/:id', function(){
-		this.param('id');
-    });
+     res.download('/path/to/file', function(err){
+       if (err) {
+         console.error(err);
+       } else {
+         console.log('transferred');
+       }
+     });
 
-Polymorphic parameter access can be done using `req.param()`:
+ The _stream threshold_ setting was removed.
 
-    app.get('/user/:id', function(req, res){
-		req.param('id');
-	});
+### res.render()
 
-Route parameters are available via `req.params`:
+ Previously locals were passed as a separate key:
+ 
+     res.render('user', { layout: false, locals: { user: user }});
 
-    app.get('/user/:id', function(req, res){
-		req.params.id;
-    });
+ In Express 2.0 both the locals and the options are one in the same, meaning you cannot have a local variable named _layout_ as it is reserved for express, however this cleans up the API:
+ 
+     res.render('user', { layout: false, user: user });
 
-### Passing Route Control
+### res.partial()
 
-Old express had a weak notion of route passing,
-which did not support async, and was never properly 
-implemented for practical use:
+ Express 2.0 adds the _res.partial()_ method, helpful for rendering partial fragments over WebSockets or Ajax requests etc. The API is identical to the _partial()_ calls within views.
+ 
+     // render a collection of comments
+     res.partial('comment', [comment1, comment2]); 
 
-    get('/', function(){
-	    this.pass('/foobar');
-    });
+     // render a single comment
+     res.partial('comment', comment);
 
-Now Express has access to Connect's _next()_ function,
-which is passed as the third and final argument. Calling _next()_ will
-pass control to the next _matching route_, or continue down the stack
-of Connect middleware.
+### partial() locals
 
-    app.get('/user/:id?', function(req, res, next){
-	    next();
-    });
+ Both _res.partial()_ and the _partial()_ functions accept an single object consisting of both the options and the locals. Previously with Express 1.x you may pass _user_ to a partial, along with _date_ like so:
+ 
+       partial('user', { object: user, locals: { date: new Date }})
 
-	app.get('/user', function(){
-		// ... respond
-	});
+or perhaps if you preferred not to use the inferred name _user_ you may used a local for this as well:
 
-### View Rendering
+       partial('user', { locals: { user: user, date: new Date }})
 
-View filenames no longer take the form _NAME_._TYPE_._ENGINE_,
-the _Content-Type_ can be set via _res.contentType()_ or
-_res.header()_. For example what was previously _layout.html.haml_,
-should now be _layout.haml_.
+ With recent changes to Express 2.x the object passed is now both, so the following is valid for the _object_ option and locals:
+ 
+       partial('user', { object: user, date: new Date })
 
-Previously a view render looked something like this:
+ Or the following which is equivalent, however the local var name is explicitly set to _user_ instead of deduced from the filename.
+ 
+       partial('user', { user: user, date: new Date })
 
-    get('/', function(){
-		this.render('index.html.haml', {
-			locals: { title: 'My Site' }
-		});
-	});
+ When a "basic" object aka _{}_ or _new Object_ is passed, it is considered options, otherwise it is considered the _object_. The following are equivalent:
+ 
+      partial('user', user); 
+      partial('user', { object: user }); 
 
-We now have _res.render()_, however the options passed to [haml](http://github.com/visionmedia/haml.js), [jade](http://github.com/visionmedia/jade), and others
-remain the same.
+### Template Engine Compliance
 
-	app.get('/', function(req, res){
-		res.render('index.haml', {
-			locals: { title: 'My Site' }
-		});
-	});
+ To comply with Express previously engines needed the following signature:
+ 
+     engine.render(str, options, function(err){});
 
-Previously rendering of a collection via _partial()_ would look something like this:
+ Now they must export a _compile()_ function, returning a function which when called with local variables will render the template. This allows Express to cache the compiled function in memory during production.
+ 
+     var fn = engine.compile(str, options);
+     fn(locals);
 
-	this.partial('comment.html.haml', { collection: comments });
+### View Partial Lookup
 
-Although this worked just fine, it was generally to verbose, the similar but new API
-looks like this, as _partial()_ is _always_ passed as a local variable:
+ Previously partials were loaded relative to the now removed _view partials_ directory setting, or by default _views/partials_, now they are relative to the view calling them, read more on [view lookup](guide.html#View-Lookup).
 
-    partial('comment.haml', { collection: comments });
+### Mime Types
 
-To make things even less verbose we can assume the extension when omitted:
+ Express and Connect now utilize the _mime_ module in npm, so to add more use:
+ 
+     require('mime').define({ 'foo/bar': ['foo', 'bar'] });
 
-    partial('comment', { collection: comments });
+### static() middleware
 
-And once again even further, when rendering a collection we can simply pass
-an array, if no other options are desired:
+ Previously named `staticProvider()`, the now `static()` middleware takes a single directory path, followed by options.
+ 
+     app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/public', { maxAge: oneYear }));
 
-    partial('comments', comments);
+Previously when using options the `root` option would be used for this:
 
-### Redirecting
-
-Previously you would
-
-    this.redirect('/somewhere');
-
-However you would now:
-
-    res.redirect('/somewhere');
-    res.redirect('/somewhere', 301);
-
-### HTTP Client
-
-Previously Express provided a high level http client, this library is no more
-as it does not belong in Express, however it may be resurrected as a separate module.
-
-### Core Extensions
-
-Express is no longer dependent on the [JavaScript Extensions](http://github.com/visionmedia/ext.js) library, so those of you using the methods provided by it such as `Object.merge(a, b)` will need to
-roll your own, or install the module via:
-
-    $ npm install ext
+     app.use(express.staticProvider({ root: __dirname + '/public', maxAge: oneYear }));
+     

docs/screencasts.html

@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+<html>
+	<head>
+		<title>Express - node web framework</title>
+		<script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.3.2/jquery.min.js"></script>
+		<style>
+			#tagline {
+			  margin-left: 75px;
+			  margin-bottom: 30px;
+			  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.7); }
+			html {
+			  background: #1c1c1c url(images/bg.tile.jpg); }
+
+			body {
+			  margin: 0;
+			  padding-bottom: 30px;
+			  font: 14px/1.4 "Helvetica Neue", "Lucida Grande", "Arial";
+			  font-size: 14px;
+			  line-height: 1.5;
+			  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
+			  background: url(images/bg.jpg) 50% 0 no-repeat;
+			  color: #8b8b8b; }
+
+			* {
+			  outline: none; }
+
+			em {
+			  color: white; }
+
+			a img {
+			  border: none !important; }
+
+			a {
+			  font-weight: bold;
+			  text-decoration: none;
+			  color: white;
+			  -webkit-transition-property: opacity, -webkit-transform, color, background-color, padding, -webkit-box-shadow;
+			  -webkit-transition-duration: 0.15s;
+			  -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-out; }
+			  a:hover {
+			    opacity: 0.8; }
+
+			h1, h2, h3, h4 {
+			  margin: 45px 0 0 0;
+			  color: white;
+			  text-shadow: 1px 2px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.6); }
+
+			h3 {
+			  font-size: 18px; }
+			h4 {
+			  margin-left: 10px;
+			  font-size: 14px;
+			}
+
+			pre {
+			  margin: 20px 10px;
+			  padding: 25px 20px;
+			  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
+			  border: 1px solid #323232;
+			  -webkit-box-shadow: 1px 2px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.6);
+			  -moz-box-shadow: 1px 2px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.6);
+			  -webkit-border-radius: 5px;
+			  -moz-border-radius: 5px; }
+
+			code {
+			  font-family: "Helvetica Neue", "Lucida Grande", "Arial"; }
+
+			ul {
+			  margin: 15px 0;
+			  padding: 0 0 0 35px; }
+			  ul li {
+			    margin: 0;
+			    padding: 2px 0;
+			    list-style: square; }
+          ul li ul {
+            margin: 0;
+            padding-left: 12px;
+          }
+
+      .man-name, #Express { display:none; }
+
+			.sect {
+			  margin-left: 40px; }
+			img {
+			  margin-left: 20px;
+			  margin-bottom: 15px;
+			}
+
+			#logo {
+			  display: block;
+			  margin-left: 30%;
+			  margin-bottom: 30px;
+			  width: 194px;
+			  height: 51px;
+			  background: url(images/logo.png) 0 0 no-repeat;
+			  text-indent: -99999px; }
+			  #logo:hover {
+			    opacity: 0.7; }
+			  #logo:active {
+			    opacity: 0.3; }
+
+			#ribbon {
+			  position: fixed;
+			  top: 0;
+			  right: 0;
+			  z-index: 2; }
+
+			#wrapper {
+			  width: 100%;
+			  min-height: 800px;
+			  background: url(images/top.png) 0 0 repeat-x; }
+
+			#container {
+			  margin: 0 auto;
+			  padding-top: 80px;
+			  width: 550px; }
+
+			#toc {
+				position: fixed;
+				top: 0;
+				left: 0;
+				margin: 0 0 0 15px;
+				padding: 15px;
+				height: 100%;
+				background: rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
+				overflow: auto;
+				border-right: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.05);
+			}
+			#toc li {
+				padding: 0;
+				list-style: none;
+			}
+			#toc li a {
+				font-size: 11px;
+			}
+			#menu {
+			  margin-left: 75px;
+			  padding: 0;
+			  padding-bottom: 30px; }
+			  #menu li {
+			    display: inline;
+			    list-style: none; }
+			    #menu li a {
+			      display: block;
+			      float: left;
+			      margin: 0 2px;
+			      padding: 3px 15px;
+			      background: rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
+			      -webkit-border-radius: 8px;
+			      -moz-border-radius: 8px;
+			      -webkit-box-shadow: 1px 2px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.6);
+			      -moz-box-shadow: 1px 2px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.6);
+			      -webkit-transition-property: opacity, -webkit-transform, color, background-color, -webkit-box-shadow;
+			      -webkit-transition-duration: 0.15s;
+			      -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-out; }
+			      #menu li a:hover,
+			      #menu li a.active {
+			        background: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); }
+			      #menu li a:active {
+			        background: rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
+			        -webkit-box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);
+			        -moz-box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.4); }
+		</style>
+		<script>
+		  $(function(){
+		    $('.section').hide();
+		    $('.toggle, a.section-title').toggle(function(){
+		      $(this).siblings('ul').fadeIn(300);
+		      return false;
+		    }, function(){
+		      $(this).siblings('ul').fadeOut(300);
+		      return false;
+		    });
+		  });
+		</script>
+	</head>
+	<body>
+		<a href='http://github.com/visionmedia/express'> 
+		  <img alt='Fork me on GitHub' id='ribbon' src='http://s3.amazonaws.com/github/ribbons/forkme_right_white_ffffff.png' /> 
+		</a>
+		<div id="wrapper">
+			<div id="container">
+				<a href='http://github.com/visionmedia/express' id='logo'>Express</a> 
+				<p id="tagline">
+				   High performance, high class web development for
+				  <a href="http://nodejs.org">Node.js</a>
+				</p>
+				<ul id="menu">
+					<li><a href="index.html">Home</a></li>
+					<li><a href="guide.html">Guide</a></li>
+					<li><a href="screencasts.html">Screencasts</a></li>
+					<li><a href="applications.html">Applications</a></li>
+				</ul>
+<h3>Introduction</h3>
+
+<p>This introduction screencast covers the basics of Express, and how to get started with your first application.</p>
+
+<object classid='clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000' codebase='http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,115,0' width='560' height='345'><param name='movie' value='http://screenr.com/Content/assets/screenr_1116090935.swf' /><param name='flashvars' value='i=139583' /><param name='allowFullScreen' value='true' /><embed src='http://screenr.com/Content/assets/screenr_1116090935.swf' flashvars='i=139583' allowFullScreen='true' width='560' height='345' pluginspage='http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer'></embed></object>
+
+
+<h3>View Partials</h3>
+
+<p>In this screencast we work with partials to display a collection of users using the <a href="http://jade-lang.com">Jade</a> template engine, and learn about view path resolution.</p>
+
+<object classid='clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000' codebase='http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,115,0' width='560' height='345'><param name='movie' value='http://screenr.com/Content/assets/screenr_1116090935.swf' /><param name='flashvars' value='i=139591' /><param name='allowFullScreen' value='true' /><embed src='http://screenr.com/Content/assets/screenr_1116090935.swf' flashvars='i=139591' allowFullScreen='true' width='560' height='345' pluginspage='http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer'></embed></object>
+
+
+<h3>Route Specific Middleware</h3>
+
+<p>In the screencast below we learn about the benefits of route-specific middleware.</p>
+
+<object classid='clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000' codebase='http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,115,0' width='560' height='345'><param name='movie' value='http://screenr.com/Content/assets/screenr_1116090935.swf' /><param name='flashvars' value='i=140296' /><param name='allowFullScreen' value='true' /><embed src='http://screenr.com/Content/assets/screenr_1116090935.swf' flashvars='i=140296' allowFullScreen='true' width='560' height='345' pluginspage='http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer'></embed></object>
+
+
+<h3>Route Param Preconditions</h3>
+
+<p>Learn about route parameter (<em>/user/:id</em>) pre-conditions, providing automated validation, and loading of data via the named route param segments.</p>
+
+<object classid='clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000' codebase='http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,115,0' width='560' height='345'><param name='movie' value='http://screenr.com/Content/assets/screenr_1116090935.swf' /><param name='flashvars' value='i=140300' /><param name='allowFullScreen' value='true' /><embed src='http://screenr.com/Content/assets/screenr_1116090935.swf' flashvars='i=140300' allowFullScreen='true' width='560' height='345' pluginspage='http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer'></embed></object>
+
+			</div>
+		</div>
+	</body>
+</html>

docs/screencasts.md

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+
+### Introduction
+
+This introduction screencast covers the basics of Express, and how to get started with your first application.
+
+<object classid='clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000' codebase='http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,115,0' width='560' height='345'><param name='movie' value='http://screenr.com/Content/assets/screenr_1116090935.swf' /><param name='flashvars' value='i=139583' /><param name='allowFullScreen' value='true' /><embed src='http://screenr.com/Content/assets/screenr_1116090935.swf' flashvars='i=139583' allowFullScreen='true' width='560' height='345' pluginspage='http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer'></embed></object>
+
+### View Partials
+
+In this screencast we work with partials to display a collection of users using the [Jade](http://jade-lang.com) template engine, and learn about view path resolution.
+
+<object classid='clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000' codebase='http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,115,0' width='560' height='345'><param name='movie' value='http://screenr.com/Content/assets/screenr_1116090935.swf' /><param name='flashvars' value='i=139591' /><param name='allowFullScreen' value='true' /><embed src='http://screenr.com/Content/assets/screenr_1116090935.swf' flashvars='i=139591' allowFullScreen='true' width='560' height='345' pluginspage='http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer'></embed></object>
+
+### Route Specific Middleware
+
+In the screencast below we learn about the benefits of route-specific middleware.
+
+<object classid='clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000' codebase='http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,115,0' width='560' height='345'><param name='movie' value='http://screenr.com/Content/assets/screenr_1116090935.swf' /><param name='flashvars' value='i=140296' /><param name='allowFullScreen' value='true' /><embed src='http://screenr.com/Content/assets/screenr_1116090935.swf' flashvars='i=140296' allowFullScreen='true' width='560' height='345' pluginspage='http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer'></embed></object>
+
+### Route Param Preconditions
+
+Learn about route parameter (_/user/:id_) pre-conditions, providing automated validation, and loading of data via the named route param segments.
+
+<object classid='clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000' codebase='http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,115,0' width='560' height='345'><param name='movie' value='http://screenr.com/Content/assets/screenr_1116090935.swf' /><param name='flashvars' value='i=140300' /><param name='allowFullScreen' value='true' /><embed src='http://screenr.com/Content/assets/screenr_1116090935.swf' flashvars='i=140300' allowFullScreen='true' width='560' height='345' pluginspage='http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer'></embed></object>

examples/auth/app.js

@@ -1,65 +1,62 @@
 
-// Expose modules in ./support for demo purposes
-require.paths.unshift(__dirname + '/../../support');
-
 /**
  * Module dependencies.
  */
 
-var express = require('../../lib/express'),
-    crypto = require('crypto');
+var express = require('../../lib/express')
+  , crypto = require('crypto');
 
-var app = express.createServer();
+var app = express.createServer(
+    express.bodyParser()
+  , express.cookieParser()
+  , express.session({ secret: 'keyboard cat' })
+);
 
 app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
 app.set('view engine', 'ejs');
 
-app.use(express.bodyDecoder());
-app.use(express.cookieDecoder());
-app.use(express.session());
-
 // Message helper, ideally we would use req.flash()
 // however this is more light-weight for an example
 
 app.dynamicHelpers({
-    message: function(req){
-        var err = req.session.error,
-            msg = req.session.success;
-        delete req.session.error;
-        delete req.session.success;
-        if (err) return '<p class="msg error">' + err + '</p>';
-        if (msg) return '<p class="msg success">' + msg + '</p>';
-    }
+  message: function(req){
+    var err = req.session.error
+      , msg = req.session.success;
+    delete req.session.error;
+    delete req.session.success;
+    if (err) return '<p class="msg error">' + err + '</p>';
+    if (msg) return '<p class="msg success">' + msg + '</p>';
+  }
 });
 
 // Generate a salt for the user to prevent rainbow table attacks
 
 var users = {
-    tj: {
-        name: 'tj',
-        salt: 'randomly-generated-salt',
-        pass: md5('foobar' + 'randomly-generated-salt')
-    }
+  tj: {
+    name: 'tj'
+    , salt: 'randomly-generated-salt'
+    , pass: md5('foobar' + 'randomly-generated-salt')
+  }
 };
 
 // Used to generate a hash of the plain-text password + salt
 
 function md5(str) {
-    return crypto.createHash('md5').update(str).digest('hex');
+  return crypto.createHash('md5').update(str).digest('hex');
 }
 
 // Authenticate using our plain-object database of doom!
 
 function authenticate(name, pass, fn) {
-    var user = users[name];
-    // query the db for the given username
-    if (!user) return fn(new Error('cannot find user'));
-    // apply the same algorithm to the POSTed password, applying
-    // the md5 against the pass / salt, if there is a match we
-    // found the user
-    if (user.pass == md5(pass + user.salt)) return fn(null, user);
-    // Otherwise password is invalid
-    fn(new Error('invalid password'));
+  var user = users[name];
+  // query the db for the given username
+  if (!user) return fn(new Error('cannot find user'));
+  // apply the same algorithm to the POSTed password, applying
+  // the md5 against the pass / salt, if there is a match we
+  // found the user
+  if (user.pass == md5(pass + user.salt)) return fn(null, user);
+  // Otherwise password is invalid
+  fn(new Error('invalid password'));
 }
 
 function restrict(req, res, next) {
@@ -72,54 +69,54 @@ function restrict(req, res, next) {
 }
 
 function accessLogger(req, res, next) {
-    console.log('/restricted accessed by %s', req.session.user.name);
-    next();
+  console.log('/restricted accessed by %s', req.session.user.name);
+  next();
 }
 
 app.get('/', function(req, res){
-    res.redirect('/login');
+  res.redirect('/login');
 });
 
 app.get('/restricted', restrict, accessLogger, function(req, res){
-    res.send('Wahoo! restricted area');
+  res.send('Wahoo! restricted area');
 });
 
 app.get('/logout', function(req, res){
-    // destroy the user's session to log them out
-    // will be re-created next request
-    req.session.destroy(function(){
-        res.redirect('home');
-    });
+  // destroy the user's session to log them out
+  // will be re-created next request
+  req.session.destroy(function(){
+    res.redirect('home');
+  });
 });
 
 app.get('/login', function(req, res){
-    if (req.session.user) {
-        req.session.success = 'Authenticated as ' + req.session.user.name
-            + ' click to <a href="/logout">logout</a>. '
-            + ' You may now access <a href="/restricted">/restricted</a>.';
-    }
-    res.render('login');
+  if (req.session.user) {
+    req.session.success = 'Authenticated as ' + req.session.user.name
+      + ' click to <a href="/logout">logout</a>. '
+      + ' You may now access <a href="/restricted">/restricted</a>.';
+  }
+  res.render('login');
 });
 
 app.post('/login', function(req, res){
-    authenticate(req.body.username, req.body.password, function(err, user){
-        if (user) {
-            // Regenerate session when signing in
-            // to prevent fixation 
-            req.session.regenerate(function(){
-                // Store the user's primary key 
-                // in the session store to be retrieved,
-                // or in this case the entire user object
-                req.session.user = user;
-                res.redirect('back');
-            });
-        } else {
-            req.session.error = 'Authentication failed, please check your '
-                + ' username and password.'
-                + ' (use "tj" and "foobar")';
-            res.redirect('back');
-        }
-    });
+  authenticate(req.body.username, req.body.password, function(err, user){
+    if (user) {
+      // Regenerate session when signing in
+      // to prevent fixation 
+      req.session.regenerate(function(){
+        // Store the user's primary key 
+        // in the session store to be retrieved,
+        // or in this case the entire user object
+        req.session.user = user;
+        res.redirect('back');
+      });
+    } else {
+      req.session.error = 'Authentication failed, please check your '
+        + ' username and password.'
+        + ' (use "tj" and "foobar")';
+      res.redirect('back');
+    }
+  });
 });
 
 app.listen(3000);

examples/blog/app.js

@@ -1,25 +1,58 @@
 
-// Expose modules in ./support for demo purposes
-require.paths.unshift(__dirname + '/../../support');
-
 /**
  * Module dependencies.
  */
 
-var express = require('./../../lib/express');
+var express = require('../../lib/express')
+  , messages = require('express-messages');
 
-// Our app IS the exports, this prevents require('./app').app,
-// instead it is require('./app');
 var app = module.exports = express.createServer();
 
-// Illustrates that an app can be broken into
-// several files, but yet extend the same app
-require('./main');
-require('./contact');
+// Config
 
-// Illustrates that one app (Server instance) can
-// be "mounted" to another at the given route.
-app.use('/blog', require('./blog'));
+app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
+app.set('view engine', 'jade');
 
-app.listen(3000);
-console.log('Express started on port 3000');
+// mount hook
+
+app.mounted(function(other){
+  console.log('ive been mounted!');
+});
+
+// Flash message helper provided by express-messages
+// $ npm install express-messages
+
+app.dynamicHelpers({
+    messages: messages
+  , base: function(){
+    // return the app's mount-point
+    // so that urls can adjust. For example
+    // if you run this example /post/add works
+    // however if you run the mounting example
+    // it adjusts to /blog/post/add
+    return '/' == app.route ? '' : app.route;
+  }
+});
+
+// Middleware
+
+app.configure(function(){
+  app.use(express.logger('\x1b[33m:method\x1b[0m \x1b[32m:url\x1b[0m :response-time'));
+  app.use(express.bodyParser());
+  app.use(express.methodOverride());
+  app.use(express.cookieParser());
+  app.use(express.session({ secret: 'keyboard cat' }));
+  app.use(app.router);
+  app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/public'));
+  app.use(express.errorHandler({ dumpExceptions: true, showStack: true }));
+});
+
+// Routes
+
+require('./routes/site')(app);
+require('./routes/post')(app);
+
+if (!module.parent) {
+  app.listen(3000);
+  console.log('Express started on port 3000');
+}

examples/blog/blog/index.js

@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-
-/**
- * Module dependencies.
- */
-
-var express = require('./../../../lib/express'),
-    fs = require('fs');
-
-// Export our app as the module
-var app = module.exports = express.createServer();
-
-// Set views directory
-app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
-
-// Load our posts
-var posts = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(__dirname + '/posts.json', 'utf8'));
-
-// Set our default view engine to "ejs"
-app.set('view engine', 'ejs');
-
-app.dynamicHelpers({
-    basepath: function(){
-        // "this" is the app, we can
-        // dynamically provide the "home"
-        // setting to all views
-        return this.set('home');
-    }
-});
-
-app.get('/', function(req, res){
-    res.render('index', {
-        locals: {
-            posts: posts
-        }
-    });
-});
-
-app.get('/post/:id', function(req, res){
-    var id = req.params.id;
-    res.render('post', {
-        locals: {
-            post: posts[id]
-        }
-    });
-});

examples/blog/blog/posts.json

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-[
- { "id": 0, "title": "Post one", "body": "Just some lame post" },
- { "id": 1, "title": "Post two", "body": "Just another lame post" }
-]

examples/blog/blog/views/index.ejs

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-<h2>Posts</h2>
-<%- partial('post', { collection: posts, as: global }) %>

examples/blog/blog/views/layout.ejs

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-<html>
-    <head>
-        <title>Blog Example</title>
-    </head>
-    <body>
-        <h1>Best Blog Ever</h1>
-        <%- body %>
-    </body>
-</html>

examples/blog/blog/views/partials/post.ejs

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-<h3><a href="<%= basepath %>/post/<%= id %>"><%= title %></a></h3>
-<p><%= body %></p>

examples/blog/blog/views/post.ejs

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-<%- partial('post', { object: post, as: global }) %>

examples/blog/contact.js

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-
-// in ./app.js we did "module.exports", allowing
-// us to grab the app from the parent module (the one 
-// which required it)
-var app = module.parent.exports;
-
-app.get('/contact', function(req, res){
-    res.send('<p>Wahoo contact page</p>');
-});

examples/blog/main.js

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-
-// in ./app.js we did "module.exports", allowing
-// us to grab the app from the parent module (the one 
-// which required it)
-var app = module.parent.exports;
-
-app.get('/', function(req, res){
-    res.send('<p>Visit <a href="/blog">/blog</a>'
-        + ' or <a href="/contact">/contact</a></p>');
-});

examples/blog/models/post.js

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+
+// Fake data store
+
+var ids = 0
+  , db = {};
+
+var Post = exports = module.exports = function Post(title, body) {
+  this.id = ++ids;
+  this.title = title;
+  this.body = body;
+  this.createdAt = new Date;
+};
+
+Post.prototype.save = function(fn){
+  db[this.id] = this;
+  fn();
+};
+
+Post.prototype.validate = function(fn){
+  if (!this.title) return fn(new Error('_title_ required'));
+  if (!this.body) return fn(new Error('_body_ required'));
+  if (this.body.length < 10) {
+    return fn(new Error(
+        '_body_ should be at least **10** characters long, was only _' + this.title.length + '_'));
+  }
+  fn();
+};
+
+
+Post.prototype.update = function(data, fn){
+  this.updatedAt = new Date;
+  for (var key in data) {
+    if (undefined != data[key]) {
+      this[key] = data[key];
+    }
+  }
+  this.save(fn);
+};
+
+Post.prototype.destroy = function(fn){
+  exports.destroy(this.id, fn);
+};
+
+exports.count = function(fn){
+  fn(null, Object.keys(db).length);
+};
+
+exports.all = function(fn){
+  var arr = Object.keys(db).reduce(function(arr, id){
+    arr.push(db[id]);
+    return arr;
+  }, []);
+  fn(null, arr);
+};
+
+exports.get = function(id, fn){
+  fn(null, db[id]);
+};
+
+exports.destroy = function(id, fn) {
+  if (db[id]) {
+    delete db[id];
+    fn();
+  } else {
+    fn(new Error('post ' + id + ' does not exist'));
+  }
+};

examples/blog/public/style.css

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+body {
+  font: 13px "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
+  color: #111;
+  padding: 60px 80px;
+}
+h1, h2 {
+  color: #c00;
+}
+a {
+  color: #c00;
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+a:hover {
+  text-decoration: underline;
+}
+label {
+  padding: 6px 0;
+  display: block;
+  text-transform: lowercase;
+}
+textarea,
+input {
+  outline: none;
+  padding: 5px;
+  background: #f1f1f1;
+  border: 1px solid #aaa;
+}
+textarea:focus,
+input:focus {
+  background: #fff;
+}
+textarea {
+  width: 500px;
+  height: 200px;
+}
+a.edit {
+  margin-left: 10px;
+  font-size: 11px;
+  font-weight: normal;
+}
+.date {
+  font-size: 11px;
+}
+#messages ul {
+  padding: 10px;
+  border: 1px solid;
+}
+#messages ul li {
+  list-style: none;
+}
+#messages ul.info {
+  color: #2EBBE6;
+  background: #F7FBFD;
+}
+#messages ul.error {
+  color: #E4250C;
+  background: #FDEAE7;
+}

examples/blog/routes/post.js

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ */
+
+var basicAuth = require('../../../lib/express').basicAuth
+  , Post = require('../models/post');
+
+module.exports = function(app){
+  /**
+   * Apply basic auth to all post related routes
+   */
+
+  app.all('/post(/*)?', basicAuth(function(user, pass){
+    return 'admin' == user && 'express' == pass;
+  }));
+
+  /**
+   * Map :post to the database, loading
+   * every time :post is present.
+   */
+
+  app.param('post', function(req, res, next, id){
+    Post.get(id, function(err, post){
+      if (err) return next(err);
+      if (!post) return next(new Error('failed to load post ' + id));
+      req.post = post;
+      next();
+    });
+  });
+
+  /**
+   * Add a post.
+   */
+
+  app.get('/post/add', function(req, res){
+    res.render('post/form', { post: {}});
+  });
+
+  /**
+   * Save a post.
+   */
+
+  app.post('/post', function(req, res){
+    var data = req.body.post
+      , post = new Post(data.title, data.body);
+
+    post.validate(function(err){
+      if (err) {
+        req.flash('error', err.message);
+        return res.redirect('back');
+      }
+
+      post.save(function(err){
+        req.flash('info', 'Successfully created post _%s_', post.title);
+        res.redirect('/post/' + post.id);
+      });  
+    });
+  });
+
+  /**
+   * Display the post.
+   */
+
+  app.get('/post/:post', function(req, res){
+    res.render('post', { post: req.post });
+  });
+
+  /**
+   * Display the post edit form.
+   */
+
+  app.get('/post/:post/edit', function(req, res){
+    res.render('post/form', { post: req.post });
+  });
+
+  /**
+   * Update post. Typically a data layer would handle this stuff.
+   */
+
+  app.put('/post/:post', function(req, res, next){
+    var post = req.post;
+    post.validate(function(err){
+      if (err) {
+        req.flash('error', err.message);
+        return res.redirect('back');
+      }
+      post.update(req.body.post, function(err){
+        if (err) return next(err);
+        req.flash('info', 'Successfully updated post');
+        res.redirect('back');
+      });
+    });
+  });
+};

examples/blog/routes/site.js

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ */
+
+var Post = require('../models/post');
+
+module.exports = function(app){
+  app.get('/', function(req, res){
+    Post.count(function(err, count){
+      Post.all(function(err, posts){
+        res.render('index', {
+            count: count
+          , posts: posts
+        });
+      });
+    });
+  });
+};

examples/blog/views/index.jade

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+h1 Blog
+
+!= messages()
+
+- if (count)
+  p Display all #{count} post(s)
+  #posts!= partial('post', posts)
+- else
+  p 
+    | It looks like you have no posts!
+  p
+    | Click
+    a(href=base + '/post/add') here 
+    | to create a post. Login
+    | as
+    em "admin" 
+    | and
+    em "express"
+    | .

examples/blog/views/layout.jade

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+!!! 5
+html
+  head
+    title Blog
+    link(rel='stylesheet', href=base + '/style.css')
+  body
+    #container!= body

examples/blog/views/post/form.jade

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+
+- if (post.title)
+  h1 Editing #{post.title}
+- else
+  h1 New Post
+
+!= messages()
+
+form#post(action=base + '/post' + (post.title ? '/' + post.id : ''), method='post')
+  - if (post.title)
+    input(type='hidden', name='_method', value='put')
+  p
+    label(for='post[title]') Title:
+    input(type='text', name='post[title]', value=post.title)
+  p
+    label(for='post[body]') Body:
+    textarea(name='post[body]')= post.body || ''
+  p
+    input(type='submit', value=post.title ? 'Update' : 'Create')
+  

examples/blog/views/post/index.jade

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+.post
+  // title
+  h2
+    = post.title
+    a.edit(href=base + '/post/' + post.id + '/edit') Edit
+  
+  // flash messages
+  != messages()
+  
+  // dates
+  p.date.created Created at #{post.createdAt}
+  - if (post.updatedAt)
+    p.date.updated Updated at #{post.updatedAt}
+  
+  // body
+  pre.body= post.body

examples/cookies/app.js

@@ -3,43 +3,43 @@
  * Module dependencies.
  */
 
-var express = require('./../../lib/express');
+var express = require('../../lib/express');
 
 var app = express.createServer(
-    // Place default Connect favicon above logger so it is not in
-    // the logging output
-    express.favicon(),
+  // Place default Connect favicon above logger so it is not in
+  // the logging output
+  express.favicon(),
 
-    // Custom logger format
-    express.logger({ format: '\x1b[1m:method\x1b[0m \x1b[33m:url\x1b[0m :response-time' }),
+  // Custom logger format
+  express.logger({ format: '\x1b[1m:method\x1b[0m \x1b[33m:url\x1b[0m :response-time' }),
 
-    // Provides req.cookies
-    express.cookieDecoder(),
+  // Provides req.cookies
+  express.cookieParser(),
 
-    // Parses x-www-form-urlencoded request bodies (and json)
-    express.bodyDecoder()
+  // Parses x-www-form-urlencoded request bodies (and json)
+  express.bodyParser()
 );
 
 app.get('/', function(req, res){
-    if (req.cookies.remember) {
-        res.send('Remembered :). Click to <a href="/forget">forget</a>!.');
-    } else {
-        res.send('<form method="post"><p>Check to <label>'
-            + '<input type="checkbox" name="remember"/> remember me</label> '
-            + '<input type="submit" value="Submit"/>.</p></form>');
-    }
+  if (req.cookies.remember) {
+    res.send('Remembered :). Click to <a href="/forget">forget</a>!.');
+  } else {
+    res.send('<form method="post"><p>Check to <label>'
+      + '<input type="checkbox" name="remember"/> remember me</label> '
+      + '<input type="submit" value="Submit"/>.</p></form>');
+  }
 });
 
 app.get('/forget', function(req, res){
-    res.clearCookie('remember');
-    res.redirect('back');
+  res.clearCookie('remember');
+  res.redirect('back');
 });
 
 app.post('/', function(req, res){
-    if (req.body.remember) {
-        res.cookie('remember', '1', { path: '/', expires: new Date(Date.now() + 900000), httpOnly: true });
-    }
-    res.redirect('back');
+  if (req.body.remember) {
+    res.cookie('remember', '1', { path: '/', expires: new Date(Date.now() + 900000), httpOnly: true });
+  }
+  res.redirect('back');
 });
 
 app.listen(3000);

examples/downloads/app.js

@@ -3,29 +3,48 @@
  * Module dependencies.
  */
 
-var express = require('./../../lib/express');
+var express = require('../../lib/express');
 
 var app = express.createServer();
 
 app.get('/', function(req, res){
-    res.send('<ul>'
-        + '<li>Download <a href="/files/amazing.txt">amazing.txt</a>.</li>'
-        + '<li>Download <a href="/files/missing.txt">missing.txt</a>.</li>'
-        + '</ul>');
+  res.send('<ul>'
+    + '<li>Download <a href="/files/amazing.txt">amazing.txt</a>.</li>'
+    + '<li>Download <a href="/files/missing.txt">missing.txt</a>.</li>'
+    + '</ul>');
 });
 
-app.get('/files/*', function(req, res){
-    var file = req.params[0];
-    res.download(__dirname + '/files/' + file);
+// /files/* is accessed via req.params[0]
+// but here we name it :file
+app.get('/files/:file(*)', function(req, res, next){
+  var file = req.params.file
+    , path = __dirname + '/files/' + file;
+  // either res.download(path) and let
+  // express handle failures, or provide
+  // a callback as shown below
+  res.download(path, function(err){
+    // if an error occurs in this callback
+    // the file most likely does not exist,
+    // and it's safe to respond or next(err)
+    if (err) return next(err);
+
+    // the file has been transferred, do not respond
+    // from here, though you may use this callback
+    // for stats etc.
+    console.log('transferred %s', path);
+  }, function(err){
+    // this second optional callback is used when
+    // an error occurs during transmission
+  });
 });
 
 app.error(function(err, req, res, next){
-    if (process.ENOENT == err.errno) {
-        res.send('Cant find that file, sorry!');
-    } else {
-        // Not a 404
-        next(err);
-    }
+  if ('ENOENT' == err.code) {
+    res.send('Cant find that file, sorry!');
+  } else {
+    // Not a 404
+    next(err);
+  }
 });
 
 app.listen(3000);

examples/downloads/files/amazing.txt

@@ -1 +1 @@
-wow supes cool are you glad you downloaded this?
+what an amazing download

examples/ejs/app.js

@@ -1,32 +1,31 @@
 
-// Expose modules in ./support for demo purposes
-require.paths.unshift(__dirname + '/../../support');
-
 /**
  * Module dependencies.
  */
 
-var express = require('./../../lib/express');
+var express = require('../../lib/express');
 
 var app = express.createServer();
 
+// Register ejs as .html
+
+app.register('.html', require('ejs'));
+
 // Optional since express defaults to CWD/views
 
 app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
+app.set('view engine', 'html');
 
 // Dummy users
 var users = [
-    { name: 'tj', email: 'tj@sencha.com' },
-    { name: 'ciaran', email: 'ciaranj@gmail.com' },
-    { name: 'aaron', email: 'aaron.heckmann+github@gmail.com' }
+    { name: 'tj', email: 'tj@sencha.com' }
+  , { name: 'ciaran', email: 'ciaranj@gmail.com' }
+  , { name: 'aaron', email: 'aaron.heckmann+github@gmail.com' }
 ];
 
 app.get('/', function(req, res){
-    res.render('users.ejs', {
-        locals: {
-            users: users
-        }
-    });
+  res.render('users', { users: users });
 });
 
-app.listen(3000);
+app.listen(3000);
+console.log('Express app started on port 3000');

examples/ejs/views/layout.ejs

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-<html>
-    <body>
-        <h1>Users</h1>
-        <%- body %>
-    </body>
-</html>

examples/ejs/views/layout.html

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<html>
+  <body>
+    <h1>Users</h1>
+    <%- body %>
+  </body>
+</html>

examples/ejs/views/users.ejs

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-<ul id="users">
-    <%- partial('user', users) %>
-</ul>

examples/ejs/views/users/index.html

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<ul id="users">
+  <%- partial('user', users) %>
+</ul>

examples/error-pages/app.js

@@ -6,10 +6,9 @@ require.paths.unshift(__dirname + '/../../support');
  * Module dependencies.
  */
 
-var express = require('./../../lib/express');
+var express = require('../../lib/express');
 
-var app = express.createServer(),
-    sys = require('sys');
+var app = express.createServer();
 
 // Serve default connect favicon
 app.use(express.favicon());
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ app.use(app.router);
 // exception
 
 app.use(function(req, res, next){
-    next(new NotFound(req.url));
+  next(new NotFound(req.url));
 });
 
 app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
@@ -40,17 +39,21 @@ app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
 // Provide our app with the notion of NotFound exceptions
 
 function NotFound(path){
-    this.name = 'NotFound';
-    if (path) {
-        Error.call(this, 'Cannot find ' + path);
-        this.path = path;
-    } else {
-        Error.call(this, 'Not Found');
-    }
-    Error.captureStackTrace(this, arguments.callee);
+  this.name = 'NotFound';
+  if (path) {
+    Error.call(this, 'Cannot find ' + path);
+    this.path = path;
+  } else {
+    Error.call(this, 'Not Found');
+  }
+  Error.captureStackTrace(this, arguments.callee);
 }
 
-sys.inherits(NotFound, Error);
+/**
+ * Inherit from `Error.prototype`.
+ */
+
+NotFound.prototype.__proto__ = Error.prototype;
 
 // We can call app.error() several times as shown below.
 // Here we check for an instanceof NotFound and show the
@@ -61,42 +64,32 @@ sys.inherits(NotFound, Error);
 // in the development environment.
 
 app.error(function(err, req, res, next){
-    if (err instanceof NotFound) {
-        res.render('404.jade', {
-            status: 404,
-            locals: {
-                error: err
-            }
-        });
-    } else {
-        next(err);
-    }
+  if (err instanceof NotFound) {
+    res.render('404.jade', { status: 404, error: err });
+  } else {
+    next(err);
+  }
 });
 
 // Here we assume all errors as 500 for the simplicity of
 // this demo, however you can choose whatever you like
 
 app.error(function(err, req, res){
-    res.render('500.jade', {
-        status: 500,
-        locals: {
-            error: err
-        } 
-    });
+  res.render('500.jade', { status: 500, error: err });
 });
 
 // Routes
 
 app.get('/', function(req, res){
-    res.render('index.jade');
+  res.render('index.jade');
 });
 
 app.get('/404', function(req, res){
-    throw new NotFound;
+  throw new NotFound(req.url);
 });
 
 app.get('/500', function(req, res, next){
-    next(new Error('keyboard cat!'));
+  next(new Error('keyboard cat!'));
 });
 
 app.listen(3000);

examples/error/app.js

@@ -3,23 +3,24 @@
  * Module dependencies.
  */
 
-var express = require('./../../lib/express');
+var express = require('../../lib/express');
 
 var app = express.createServer();
 
 app.get('/', function(req, res){
-    // Caught and passed down to the errorHandler middleware
-    throw new Error('something broke!');
+  // Caught and passed down to the errorHandler middleware
+  throw new Error('something broke!');
 });
 
 app.get('/next', function(req, res, next){
-    // We can also pass exceptions to next()
-    next(new Error('oh no!'))
+  // We can also pass exceptions to next()
+  next(new Error('oh no!'))
 });
 
 // The errorHandler middleware in this case will dump exceptions to stderr
 // as well as show the stack trace in responses, currently handles text/plain,
 // text/html, and application/json responses to aid in development
-app.use('/', express.errorHandler({ dumpExceptions: true, showStack: true }));
+app.use('/', express.errorHandler({ dump: true, stack: true }));
 
-app.listen(3000);
+app.listen(3000);
+console.log('app listening on port 3000');

examples/flash/app.js

@@ -1,7 +1,4 @@
 
-// Expose modules in ./support for demo purposes
-require.paths.unshift(__dirname + '/../../support');
-
 /**
  * Module dependencies.
  */
@@ -11,8 +8,8 @@ var express = require('../../lib/express');
 // App with session support
 
 var app = express.createServer(
-    express.cookieDecoder(),
-    express.session()
+    express.cookieParser()
+  , express.session({ secret: 'keyboard cat' })
 );
 
 // View settings
@@ -20,58 +17,29 @@ var app = express.createServer(
 app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
 app.set('view engine', 'ejs');
 
-// Dynamic helpers are functions which are executed
-// on each view render, unless dynamicHelpers is false.
-
-// So for example we do not need to call messages() in our
-// template, "messages" will be populated with the return
-// value of this function.
-
 app.dynamicHelpers({
-    messages: function(req, res){
-        // In the case of flash messages
-        // we return a function, allowing
-        // flash messages to only be flushed
-        // when called, otherwise every request
-        // will flush flash messages regardless.
-        return function(){
-            // Grab the flash messages
-            var messages = req.flash();
-            // We will render the "messages.ejs" partial
-            return res.partial('messages', {
-                // Our target object is our messages
-                object: messages,
-                // We want it to be named "types" in the partial
-                // since they are keyed like this:
-                // { info: ['foo'], error: ['bar']}
-                as: 'types',
-                // Pass a local named "hasMessages" so we can easily
-                // check if we have any messages at all
-                locals: { hasMessages: Object.keys(messages).length },
-                // We dont want dynamicHelpers in this partial, as
-                // it would cause infinite recursion
-                dynamicHelpers: false
-            });
-        }
-    }
+  // express-messages is a dynamicHelper that
+  // renders the flash messages to HTML for you
+  //    $ npm install express-messages
+  messages: require('express-messages')
 });
 
 app.dynamicHelpers({
-    // Another dynamic helper example. Since dynamic
-    // helpers resolve at view rendering time, we can
-    // "inject" the "page" local variable per request
-    // providing us with the request url.
-    page: function(req, res){
-        return req.url;
-    } 
+  // Another dynamic helper example. Since dynamic
+  // helpers resolve at view rendering time, we can
+  // "inject" the "page" local variable per request
+  // providing us with the request url.
+  page: function(req, res){
+    return req.url;
+  } 
 });
 
 app.get('/', function(req, res){
-    // Not very realistic notifications but illustrates usage
-    req.flash('info', 'email queued');
-    req.flash('info', 'email sent');
-    req.flash('error', 'delivery failed');
-    res.render('index');
+  // Not very realistic notifications but illustrates usage
+  req.flash('info', 'email queued');
+  req.flash('info', 'email sent');
+  req.flash('error', 'delivery failed');
+  res.render('index');
 });
 
 app.listen(3000);

examples/flash/views/layout.ejs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 <html>
-    <body>
-        <%- body %>
-    </body>
+  <body>
+    <%- body %>
+  </body>
 </html>

examples/flash/views/partials/messages.ejs

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-<% if (hasMessages) { %>
-    <div id="messages">
-        <% for (var type in types) { %>
-            <h2><%= type %> messages</h2>
-            <ul id="<%= type %>">
-                <% types[type].forEach(function(msg){ %>
-                    <li><%= msg %></li>
-                <% }) %>
-            </ul>
-        <% } %>
-    </div>
-<% } %>

examples/form/app.js

@@ -1,17 +1,19 @@
 
+// Expose modules in ./support for demo purposes
+require.paths.unshift(__dirname + '/../../support');
+
 /**
  * Module dependencies.
  */
 
-var express = require('./../../lib/express'),
-    sys = require('sys');
+var express = require('../../lib/express');
 
 var app = express.createServer();
 
 // Here we use the bodyDecoder middleware
 // to parse urlencoded request bodies
 // which populates req.body
-app.use(express.bodyDecoder());
+app.use(express.bodyParser());
     
 // The methodOverride middleware allows us
 // to set a hidden input of _method to an arbitrary
@@ -19,60 +21,60 @@ app.use(express.bodyDecoder());
 app.use(express.methodOverride());
 
 // Required by session
-app.use(express.cookieDecoder());
+app.use(express.cookieParser());
 
 // Required by req.flash() for persistent
 // notifications
-app.use(express.session());
+app.use(express.session({ secret: 'keyboard cat' }));
 
 app.get('/', function(req, res){
-    // get ?name=foo
-    var name = req.param('name') || '';
-    
-    // Switch the button label based if we have a name
-    var label = name ? 'Update' : 'Save';
+  // get ?name=foo
+  var name = req.param('name') || '';
+  
+  // Switch the button label based if we have a name
+  var label = name ? 'Update' : 'Save';
 
-    // Buffer all flash messages.
-    // Typically this would all be done in a template
-    // however for illustration purposes we iterate
-    // here.
-    
-    // The messages in req.flash() persist until called,
-    // at which time they are flushed from the session
-    var msgs = '<ul>',
-        flash = req.flash();
-    Object.keys(flash).forEach(function(type){
-        flash[type].forEach(function(msg){
-            msgs += '<li class="' + type + '">' + msg + '</li>';
-        });
+  // Buffer all flash messages.
+  // Typically this would all be done in a template
+  // however for illustration purposes we iterate
+  // here.
+  
+  // The messages in req.flash() persist until called,
+  // at which time they are flushed from the session
+  var msgs = '<ul>',
+      flash = req.flash();
+  Object.keys(flash).forEach(function(type){
+    flash[type].forEach(function(msg){
+      msgs += '<li class="' + type + '">' + msg + '</li>';
     });
-    msgs += '</ul>';
+  });
+  msgs += '</ul>';
 
-    // If we have a name, we are updating,
-    // so add the hidden _method input
-    res.send(msgs
-        + '<form method="post">'
-        + (name ? '<input type="hidden" value="put" name="_method" />' : '')
-        + 'Name: <input type="text" name="name" value="' + name + '" />'
-        + '<input type="submit" value="' + label + '" />'
-        + '</form>');
+  // If we have a name, we are updating,
+  // so add the hidden _method input
+  res.send(msgs
+    + '<form method="post">'
+    + (name ? '<input type="hidden" value="put" name="_method" />' : '')
+    + 'Name: <input type="text" name="name" value="' + name + '" />'
+    + '<input type="submit" value="' + label + '" />'
+    + '</form>');
 });
 
 app.post('/', function(req, res){
-    if (req.body.name) {
-        // Typically here we would create a resource
-        req.flash('info', 'Saved ' + req.body.name);
-        res.redirect('/?name=' + req.body.name);
-    } else {
-        req.flash('error', 'Error: name required');
-        res.redirect('/');
-    }
+  if (req.body.name) {
+    // Typically here we would create a resource
+    req.flash('info', 'Saved ' + req.body.name);
+    res.redirect('/?name=' + req.body.name);
+  } else {
+    req.flash('error', 'Error: name required');
+    res.redirect('/');
+  }
 });
 
 app.put('/', function(req, res){
-    // Typically here we would update a resource
-    req.flash('info', 'Updated ' + req.body.name);
-    res.redirect('/?name=' + req.body.name);
+  // Typically here we would update a resource
+  req.flash('info', 'Updated ' + req.body.name);
+  res.redirect('/?name=' + req.body.name);
 });
 
 app.listen(3000);

examples/format/app.js

@@ -10,49 +10,54 @@ var app = express.createServer();
 // Fake items
 
 var items = [
-    { name: 'foo' },
-    { name: 'bar' },
-    { name: 'baz' }
+    { name: 'foo' }
+  , { name: 'bar' }
+  , { name: 'baz' }
 ];
 
 // Routes
 
 app.get('/', function(req, res, next){
-    res.send('Visit /item/2');
+  res.statusCode = 200;
+  res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/html');
+  res.write('<p>Visit /item/2</p>');
+  res.write('<p>Visit /item/2.json</p>');
+  res.write('<p>Visit /item/2.xml</p>');
+  res.end();
 });
 
 app.get('/item/:id.:format?', function(req, res, next){
-    var id = req.params.id,
-        format = req.params.format,
-        item = items[id];
-    // Ensure item exists
-    if (item) {
-        // Serve the format
-        switch (format) {
-            case 'json':
-                // Detects json
-                res.send(item);
-                break;
-            case 'xml':
-                // Set contentType as xml then sends
-                // the string
-                var xml = ''
-                    + '<items>'
-                    + '<item>' + item.name + '</item>'
-                    + '</items>';
-                res.contentType('.xml');
-                res.send(xml);
-                break;
-            case 'html':
-            default:
-                // By default send some hmtl
-                res.send('<h1>' + item.name + '</h1>');
-        }
-    } else {
-        // We could simply pass route control and potentially 404
-        // by calling next(), or pass an exception like below.
-        next(new Error('Item ' + id + ' does not exist'));
+  var id = req.params.id
+    , format = req.params.format
+    , item = items[id];
+  // Ensure item exists
+  if (item) {
+    // Serve the format
+    switch (format) {
+      case 'json':
+        // Detects json
+        res.send(item);
+        break;
+      case 'xml':
+        // Set contentType as xml then sends
+        // the string
+        var xml = ''
+          + '<items>'
+          + '<item>' + item.name + '</item>'
+          + '</items>';
+        res.contentType('.xml');
+        res.send(xml);
+        break;
+      case 'html':
+      default:
+        // By default send some hmtl
+        res.send('<h1>' + item.name + '</h1>');
     }
+  } else {
+    // We could simply pass route control and potentially 404
+    // by calling next(), or pass an exception like below.
+    next(new Error('Item ' + id + ' does not exist'));
+  }
 });
 
 // Middleware

examples/github/app.js

@@ -1,19 +1,17 @@
 
-// Expose modules in ./support for demo purposes
-require.paths.unshift(__dirname + '/../../support');
-
 /**
  * Module dependencies.
  */
 
-var express = require('./../../lib/express'),
-    http = require('http');
+var express = require('../../lib/express')
+  , http = require('http');
 
 var app = express.createServer();
 
 // Expose our views
 
 app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
+app.set('view engine', 'jade');
 
 /**
  * Request github json api `path`.
@@ -24,20 +22,20 @@ app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
  */
 
 function request(path, fn){
-    var client = http.createClient(80, 'github.com'),
-        req = client.request('GET', '/api/v2/json' + path, { Host: 'github.com' });
-    req.addListener('response', function(res){
-        res.body = '';
-        res.addListener('data', function(chunk){ res.body += chunk; });
-        res.addListener('end', function(){
-            try {
-                fn(null, JSON.parse(res.body));
-            } catch (err) {
-                fn(err);
-            }
-        });
+  var client = http.createClient(80, 'github.com')
+    , req = client.request('GET', '/api/v2/json' + path, { Host: 'github.com' });
+  req.on('response', function(res){
+    res.body = '';
+    res.on('data', function(chunk){ res.body += chunk; });
+    res.on('end', function(){
+      try {
+        fn(null, JSON.parse(res.body));
+      } catch (err) {
+        fn(err);
+      }
     });
-    req.end();
+  });
+  req.end();
 }
 
 /**
@@ -48,11 +46,11 @@ function request(path, fn){
  */
 
 function sort(repos){
-    return repos.sort(function(a, b){
-        if (a.watchers == b.watchers) return 0;
-        if (a.watchers > b.watchers) return -1;
-        if (a.watchers < b.watchers) return 1;
-    });
+  return repos.sort(function(a, b){
+    if (a.watchers == b.watchers) return 0;
+    if (a.watchers > b.watchers) return -1;
+    if (a.watchers < b.watchers) return 1;
+  });
 }
 
 /**
@@ -64,9 +62,9 @@ function sort(repos){
  */
 
 function totalWatchers(repos) {
-    return repos.reduce(function(sum, repo){
-        return sum + repo.watchers;
-    }, 0);
+  return repos.reduce(function(sum, repo){
+    return sum + repo.watchers;
+  }, 0);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -74,7 +72,7 @@ function totalWatchers(repos) {
  */
 
 app.get('/', function(req, res){
-    res.redirect('/repos/visionmedia');
+  res.redirect('/repos/visionmedia');
 });
 
 /**
@@ -82,37 +80,33 @@ app.get('/', function(req, res){
  */
 
 app.get('/repos/*', function(req, res, next){
-    var names = req.params[0].split('/'),
-        users = [];
-    (function fetchData(name){
-        // We have a user name
-        if (name) {
-            console.log('... fetching \x1b[33m%s\x1b[0m', name);
-            request('/repos/show/' + name, function(err, user){
-                if (err) {
-                    next(err)
-                } else {
-                    user.totalWatchers = totalWatchers(user.repositories);
-                    user.repos = sort(user.repositories);
-                    user.name = name;
-                    users.push(user);
-                    fetchData(names.shift());
-                }
-            });
-        // No more users
+  var names = req.params[0].split('/')
+    , users = [];
+  (function fetchData(name){
+    // We have a user name
+    if (name) {
+      console.log('... fetching \x1b[33m%s\x1b[0m', name);
+      request('/repos/show/' + name, function(err, user){
+        if (err) {
+          next(err)
         } else {
-            console.log('... done');
-            res.render('index.jade', {
-                locals: {
-                    users: users
-                }
-            });
+          user.totalWatchers = totalWatchers(user.repositories);
+          user.repos = sort(user.repositories);
+          user.name = name;
+          users.push(user);
+          fetchData(names.shift());
         }
-    })(names.shift());
+      });
+    // No more users
+    } else {
+      console.log('... done');
+      res.render('index', { users: users });
+    }
+  })(names.shift());
 });
 
 // Serve statics from ./public
-app.use(express.staticProvider(__dirname + '/public'));
+app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/public'));
 
 // Listen on port 3000
 app.listen(3000);

examples/github/public/style.css

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 body {
-    padding: 30px 50px;
-    font: 12px/1.4 "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
+  padding: 30px 50px;
+  font: 12px/1.4 "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
 }
 a {
-    color: #00AAFF;
-    text-decoration: none;
+  color: #00AAFF;
+  text-decoration: none;
 }
 a:hover {
-    text-decoration: underline;
+  text-decoration: underline;
 }
 .user {
   margin: 0 10px;
   float: left;
-  width: 25%;
+  width: 300px;
 }
 table td:nth-child(2) {
   padding: 0 5px;

examples/helloworld/app.js

@@ -3,12 +3,12 @@
  * Module dependencies.
  */
 
-var express = require('./../../lib/express');
+var express = require('../../lib/express');
 
 var app = express.createServer();
 
 app.get('/', function(req, res){
-    res.send('Hello World');
+  res.send('Hello World');
 });
 
 app.listen(3000);

examples/jade/app.js

@@ -1,12 +1,9 @@
 
-// Expose modules in ./support for demo purposes
-require.paths.unshift(__dirname + '/../../support');
-
 /**
  * Module dependencies.
  */
 
-var express = require('./../../lib/express');
+var express = require('../../lib/express');
 
 // Path to our public directory
 
@@ -15,33 +12,63 @@ var pub = __dirname + '/public';
 // Auto-compile sass to css with "compiler"
 // and then serve with connect's staticProvider
 
-var app = express.createServer(
-    express.compiler({ src: pub, enable: ['sass'] }),
-    express.staticProvider(pub)
-);
+var app = express.createServer();
+app.use(express.compiler({ src: pub, enable: ['sass'] }));
+app.use(app.router);
+app.use(express.static(pub));
+app.use(express.errorHandler({ dump: true, stack: true }));
 
 // Optional since express defaults to CWD/views
 
 app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
 
 // Set our default template engine to "jade"
-// which prevents the need for extensions (although you can still mix and match)
+// which prevents the need for extensions
+// (although you can still mix and match)
 app.set('view engine', 'jade');
 
+function User(name, email) {
+  this.name = name;
+  this.email = email;
+}
+
 // Dummy users
 var users = [
-    { name: 'tj', email: 'tj@sencha.com' },
-    { name: 'ciaran', email: 'ciaranj@gmail.com' },
-    { name: 'aaron', email: 'aaron.heckmann+github@gmail.com' }
+    new User('tj', 'tj@vision-media.ca')
+  , new User('ciaran', 'ciaranj@gmail.com')
+  , new User('aaron', 'aaron.heckmann+github@gmail.com')
 ];
 
 app.get('/', function(req, res){
-    res.render('users', {
-        locals: {
-            users: users
-        }
-    });
+  res.render('users', { users: users });
+});
+
+app.get('/users/callback', function(req, res){
+  // a callback is also accepted
+  res.partial('users/user', users, function(err, html){
+    if (err) throw err;
+    res.send(html);
+  });
+});
+
+app.get('/users', function(req, res){
+  // we can use res.partial() as if
+  // we were in a view, utilizing the same api
+  // to render a fragment
+  res.partial('users/user', users);
+});
+
+app.get('/users/list', function(req, res){
+  // use "object" to utilize the name deduced from
+  // the view filename. The examples below are equivalent
+
+  //res.partial('users/list', { object: users });
+  res.partial('users/list', { list: users });
+});
+
+app.get('/user/:id', function(req, res){
+  res.partial('users/user', users[req.params.id]);
 });
 
 app.listen(3000);
-console.log('Express app started on port 3000');
+console.log('Express app started on port 3000');

examples/jade/views/users/list.jade

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+ul#users
+  - each user in list
+    li!= partial('user', user)

examples/layout-control/app.js

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ */
+
+var express = require('../../lib/express');
+
+var app = express.createServer();
+
+app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
+
+// set default layout, usually "layout"
+app.set('view options', { layout: 'layouts/default' });
+
+// Set our default template engine to "ejs"
+// which prevents the need for extensions
+// (although you can still mix and match)
+app.set('view engine', 'ejs');
+
+app.get('/', function(req, res){
+  res.render('pages/default');
+});
+
+app.get('/alternate', function(req, res){
+  // note that we do not explicitly
+  // state the layout here, the view does,
+  // although we could do it here as well.
+  res.render('pages/alternate');
+});
+
+app.listen(3000);
+console.log('Express app started on port 3000');

examples/layout-control/views/layouts/alternate.ejs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<html>
+  <body>
+    <h1>Alternate Layout</h1>
+    <%- body %>
+  </body>
+</html>

examples/layout-control/views/layouts/default.ejs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<html>
+  <body>
+    <h1>Default Layout</h1>
+    <%- body %>
+  </body>
+</html>

examples/layout-control/views/pages/alternate.ejs

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+<% layout('layouts/alternate') %>
+<h1>Page</h1>

examples/layout-control/views/pages/default.ejs

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<h1>Page</h1>

examples/markdown/app.js

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ */
+
+var express = require('../../lib/express')
+  , md = require('node-markdown').Markdown;
+
+var app = express.createServer();
+
+// register .md so that markdown may comply
+// with the express view system by implementing
+// a .compile() method
+
+app.register('.md', {
+  compile: function(str, options){
+    var html = md(str);
+    return function(locals){
+      return html.replace(/\{([^}]+)\}/g, function(_, name){
+        return locals[name];
+      });
+    };
+  }
+});
+
+// Optional since express defaults to CWD/views
+
+app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
+app.set('view engine', 'md');
+
+app.get('/', function(req, res){
+  res.render('index', { layout: false, title: 'Markdown Example' });
+});
+
+app.listen(3000);
+console.log('Express app started on port 3000');

examples/markdown/views/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+
+# {title}
+
+Just an example view rendered with _markdown_.

examples/mounting/app.js

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ */
+
+var express = require('../../lib/express')
+  , blog = require('../blog/app');
+
+var app = express.createServer();
+
+app.use(express.cookieParser());
+app.use(express.session({ secret: 'keyboard cat' }));
+
+// mount the blog. the blog app is written using the "base"
+// local variable, allowing it's urls to adjust to wherever
+// we wish to mount it.
+app.use('/blog', blog);
+
+app.get('/', function(req, res){
+  res.send('Visit <a href="/blog">/blog</a>');
+});
+
+app.listen(3000);
+console.log('Server listening on port 3000');

examples/multipart/app.js

@@ -1,51 +1,47 @@
 
-// Expose modules in ./support for demo purposes
-require.paths.unshift(__dirname + '/../../support');
-
 /**
  * Module dependencies.
  */
 
-var express = require('../../lib/express'),
-    form = require('connect-form'),
-    sys = require('sys');
+var express = require('../../lib/express')
+  , form = require('connect-form');
 
 var app = express.createServer(
-    // connect-form (http://github.com/visionmedia/connect-form)
-    // middleware uses the formidable middleware to parse urlencoded
-    // and multipart form data
-    form({ keepExtensions: true })
+  // connect-form (http://github.com/visionmedia/connect-form)
+  // middleware uses the formidable middleware to parse urlencoded
+  // and multipart form data
+  form({ keepExtensions: true })
 );
 
 app.get('/', function(req, res){
-    res.send('<form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">'
-        + '<p>Image: <input type="file" name="image" /></p>'
-        + '<p><input type="submit" value="Upload" /></p>'
-        + '</form>');
+  res.send('<form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">'
+    + '<p>Image: <input type="file" name="image" /></p>'
+    + '<p><input type="submit" value="Upload" /></p>'
+    + '</form>');
 });
 
 app.post('/', function(req, res, next){
 
-    // connect-form adds the req.form object
-    // we can (optionally) define onComplete, passing
-    // the exception (if any) fields parsed, and files parsed
-    req.form.complete(function(err, fields, files){
-        if (err) {
-            next(err);
-        } else {
-            console.log('\nuploaded %s to %s', 
-                files.image.filename,
-                files.image.path);
-            res.redirect('back');
-        }
-    });
+  // connect-form adds the req.form object
+  // we can (optionally) define onComplete, passing
+  // the exception (if any) fields parsed, and files parsed
+  req.form.complete(function(err, fields, files){
+    if (err) {
+      next(err);
+    } else {
+      console.log('\nuploaded %s to %s'
+        ,  files.image.filename
+        , files.image.path);
+      res.redirect('back');
+    }
+  });
 
-    // We can add listeners for several form
-    // events such as "progress"
-    req.form.addListener('progress', function(bytesReceived, bytesExpected){
-        var percent = (bytesReceived / bytesExpected * 100) | 0;
-        sys.print('Uploading: %' + percent + '\r');
-    });
+  // We can add listeners for several form
+  // events such as "progress"
+  req.form.on('progress', function(bytesReceived, bytesExpected){
+    var percent = (bytesReceived / bytesExpected * 100) | 0;
+    process.stdout.write('Uploading: %' + percent + '\r');
+  });
 });
 
 app.listen(3000);

examples/mvc/app.js

@@ -1,7 +1,4 @@
 
-// Expose modules in ./support for demo purposes
-require.paths.unshift(__dirname + '/../../support');
-
 /**
  * Module dependencies.
  */

examples/mvc/controllers/app.js

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 
 module.exports = {
-    
-    // /
-    
-    index: function(req, res){
-        res.render();
-    }
+  
+  // /
+  
+  index: function(req, res){
+    res.render();
+  }
 };

examples/mvc/controllers/user.js

@@ -2,54 +2,54 @@
 // Fake user database for example
 
 var users = [
-    { id: 0, name: 'TJ', email: 'tj@vision-media.ca' },
-    { id: 1, name: 'Simon', email: 'simon@vision-media.ca' }
+    { id: 0, name: 'TJ', email: 'tj@vision-media.ca' }
+  , { id: 1, name: 'Simon', email: 'simon@vision-media.ca' }
 ];
 
 function get(id, fn) {
-    if (users[id]) {
-        fn(null, users[id]);
-    } else {
-        fn(new Error('User ' + id + ' does not exist'));
-    }
+  if (users[id]) {
+    fn(null, users[id]);
+  } else {
+    fn(new Error('User ' + id + ' does not exist'));
+  }
 }
 
 module.exports = {
-    
-    // /users
-    
-    index: function(req, res){
-        res.render(users);
-    },
+  
+  // /users
+  
+  index: function(req, res){
+    res.render(users);
+  },
 
-    // /users/:id
+  // /users/:id
 
-    show: function(req, res, next){
-        get(req.params.id, function(err, user){
-            if (err) return next(err);
-            res.render(user);
-        });
-    },
-    
-    // /users/:id/edit
-    
-    edit: function(req, res, next){
-        get(req.params.id, function(err, user){
-            if (err) return next(err);
-            res.render(user);
-        });
-    },
-    
-    // PUT /users/:id
-    
-    update: function(req, res, next){
-        var id = req.params.id;
-        get(id, function(err){
-            if (err) return next(err);
-            var user = users[id] = req.body.user;
-            user.id = id;
-            req.flash('info', 'Successfully updated _' + user.name + '_.');
-            res.redirect('back');
-        });
-    }
+  show: function(req, res, next){
+    get(req.params.id, function(err, user){
+      if (err) return next(err);
+      res.render(user);
+    });
+  },
+  
+  // /users/:id/edit
+  
+  edit: function(req, res, next){
+    get(req.params.id, function(err, user){
+      if (err) return next(err);
+      res.render(user);
+    });
+  },
+  
+  // PUT /users/:id
+  
+  update: function(req, res, next){
+    var id = req.params.id;
+    get(id, function(err){
+      if (err) return next(err);
+      var user = users[id] = req.body.user;
+      user.id = id;
+      req.flash('info', 'Successfully updated _' + user.name + '_.');
+      res.redirect('back');
+    });
+  }
 };

examples/mvc/mvc.js

@@ -3,149 +3,147 @@
  * Module dependencies.
  */
 
-var fs = require('fs'),
-    express = require('../../lib/express');
+var fs = require('fs')
+  , express = require('../../lib/express');
 
 exports.boot = function(app){
-    bootApplication(app);
-    bootControllers(app);
+  bootApplication(app);
+  bootControllers(app);
 };
 
 // App settings and middleware
 
 function bootApplication(app) {
-    app.use(express.logger({ format: ':method :url :status' }));
-    app.use(express.bodyDecoder());
-    app.use(express.methodOverride());
-    app.use(express.cookieDecoder());
-    app.use(express.session());
-    app.use(app.router);
-    app.use(express.staticProvider(__dirname + '/public'));
+  app.use(express.logger(':method :url :status'));
+  app.use(express.bodyParser());
+  app.use(express.methodOverride());
+  app.use(express.cookieParser());
+  app.use(express.session({ secret: 'keyboard cat' }));
+  app.use(app.router);
+  app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/public'));
 
-    // Example 500 page
-    app.error(function(err, req, res){
-        console.dir(err)
-        res.render('500');
-    });
+  // Example 500 page
+  app.error(function(err, req, res){
+    console.dir(err)
+    res.render('500');
+  });
 
-    // Example 404 page via simple Connect middleware
-    app.use(function(req, res){
-        res.render('404');
-    });
+  // Example 404 page via simple Connect middleware
+  app.use(function(req, res){
+    res.render('404');
+  });
 
-    // Setup ejs views as default, with .html as the extension
-    app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
-    app.register('.html', require('ejs'));
-    app.set('view engine', 'html');
+  // Setup ejs views as default, with .html as the extension
+  app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
+  app.register('.html', require('ejs'));
+  app.set('view engine', 'html');
 
-    // Some dynamic view helpers
-    app.dynamicHelpers({
-        request: function(req){
-            return req;
-        },
+  // Some dynamic view helpers
+  app.dynamicHelpers({
+    request: function(req){
+      return req;
+    },
 
-        hasMessages: function(req){
-            return Object.keys(req.session.flash || {}).length;
-        },
+    hasMessages: function(req){
+      if (!req.session) return false;
+      return Object.keys(req.session.flash || {}).length;
+    },
 
-        messages: function(req){
-            return function(){
-                var msgs = req.flash();
-                return Object.keys(msgs).reduce(function(arr, type){
-                    return arr.concat(msgs[type]);
-                }, []);
-            }
-        }
-    });
+    messages: function(req){
+      return function(){
+        var msgs = req.flash();
+        return Object.keys(msgs).reduce(function(arr, type){
+          return arr.concat(msgs[type]);
+        }, []);
+      }
+    }
+  });
 }
 
 // Bootstrap controllers
 
 function bootControllers(app) {
-    fs.readdir(__dirname + '/controllers', function(err, files){
-        if (err) throw err;
-        files.forEach(function(file){
-            bootController(app, file);
-        });
+  fs.readdir(__dirname + '/controllers', function(err, files){
+    if (err) throw err;
+    files.forEach(function(file){
+      bootController(app, file);
     });
+  });
 }
 
 // Example (simplistic) controller support
 
 function bootController(app, file) {
-    var name = file.replace('.js', ''),
-        actions = require('./controllers/' + name),
-        plural = name + 's', // realistically we would use an inflection lib
-        prefix = '/' + plural; 
+  var name = file.replace('.js', '')
+    , actions = require('./controllers/' + name)
+    , plural = name + 's' // realistically we would use an inflection lib
+    , prefix = '/' + plural; 
 
-    // Special case for "app"
-    if (name == 'app') {
-        prefix = '/';
+  // Special case for "app"
+  if (name == 'app') prefix = '/';
+
+  Object.keys(actions).map(function(action){
+    var fn = controllerAction(name, plural, action, actions[action]);
+    switch(action) {
+      case 'index':
+        app.get(prefix, fn);
+        break;
+      case 'show':
+        app.get(prefix + '/:id.:format?', fn);
+        break;
+      case 'add':
+        app.get(prefix + '/:id/add', fn);
+        break;
+      case 'create':
+        app.post(prefix + '/:id', fn);
+        break;
+      case 'edit':
+        app.get(prefix + '/:id/edit', fn);
+        break;
+      case 'update':
+        app.put(prefix + '/:id', fn);
+        break;
+      case 'destroy':
+        app.del(prefix + '/:id', fn);
+        break;
     }
-
-    Object.keys(actions).map(function(action){
-        var fn = controllerAction(name, plural, action, actions[action]);
-        switch(action) {
-            case 'index':
-                app.get(prefix, fn);
-                break;
-            case 'show':
-                app.get(prefix + '/:id.:format?', fn);
-                break;
-            case 'add':
-                app.get(prefix + '/:id/add', fn);
-                break;
-            case 'create':
-                app.post(prefix + '/:id', fn);
-                break;
-            case 'edit':
-                app.get(prefix + '/:id/edit', fn);
-                break;
-            case 'update':
-                app.put(prefix + '/:id', fn);
-                break;
-            case 'destroy':
-                app.del(prefix + '/:id', fn);
-                break;
-        }
-    });
+  });
 }
 
 // Proxy res.render() to add some magic
 
 function controllerAction(name, plural, action, fn) {
-    return function(req, res, next){
-        var render = res.render,
-            format = req.params.format,
-            path = __dirname + '/views/' + name + '/' + action + '.html';
-        res.render = function(obj, options, fn){
-            res.render = render;
-            // Template path
-            if (typeof obj === 'string') {
-                return res.render(obj, options, fn);
-            }
+  return function(req, res, next){
+    var render = res.render
+      , format = req.params.format
+      , path = __dirname + '/views/' + name + '/' + action + '.html';
+    res.render = function(obj, options, fn){
+      res.render = render;
+      // Template path
+      if (typeof obj === 'string') {
+        return res.render(obj, options, fn);
+      }
 
-            // Format support
-            if (action == 'show' && format) {
-                if (format === 'json') {
-                    return res.send(obj);
-                } else {
-                    throw new Error('unsupported format "' + format + '"');
-                }
-            }
+      // Format support
+      if (action == 'show' && format) {
+        if (format === 'json') {
+          return res.send(obj);
+        } else {
+          throw new Error('unsupported format "' + format + '"');
+        }
+      }
 
-            // Render template
-            res.render = render;
-            options = options || {};
-            options.locals = options.locals || {};
-            // Expose obj as the "users" or "user" local
-            if (action == 'index') {
-                options.locals[plural] = obj;
-            } else {
-                options.locals[name] = obj;
-            }
-            return res.render(path, options, fn);
-        };
-        fn.apply(this, arguments);
+      // Render template
+      res.render = render;
+      options = options || {};
+      // Expose obj as the "users" or "user" local
+      if (action == 'index') {
+        options[plural] = obj;
+      } else {
+        options[name] = obj;
+      }
+      return res.render(path, options, fn);
     };
+    fn.apply(this, arguments);
+  };
 }

examples/mvc/views/layout.html

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 <html>
-    <head>
-        <title>Express - MVC Example</title>
-        <link rel="stylesheet" href="/style.css" />
-    </head>
-    <body>
-        <%- body %>
-    </body>
+  <head>
+    <title>Express - MVC Example</title>
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/style.css" />
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <%- body %>
+  </body>
 </html>

examples/mvc/views/messages.html

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<% if (hasMessages) { %>
+  <ul id="messages">
+    <% messages().forEach(function(msg){ %>
+      <li><%- msg %></li>
+    <% }) %>
+  </ul>
+<% } %>

examples/mvc/views/partials/messages.html

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-<% if (hasMessages) { %>
-  <ul id="messages">
-      <% messages().forEach(function(msg){ %>
-        <li><%- msg %></li>
-      <% }) %>
-  </ul>
-<% } %>

examples/mvc/views/user/edit.html

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 <h1>Editing user <%= user.name %></h1>
-<%- partial('messages') %>
+<%- partial('../messages') %>
 <form method="post" action="/users/<%= user.id %>">
   <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put" />
   <p>Name: <input type="text" name="user[name]", value="<%= user.name %>" /></p>

examples/mvc/views/user/index.html

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <h1>Users</h1>
-<%- partial('messages') %>
+<%- partial('../messages') %>
 <ul>
-    <% users.forEach(function(user){ %>
-        <li><a href="/users/<%= user.id %>"><%= user.name %></a></li>
-    <% }) %>
+  <% users.forEach(function(user){ %>
+    <li><a href="/users/<%= user.id %>"><%= user.name %></a></li>
+  <% }) %>
 </ul>

examples/mvc/views/user/show.html

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 <h1>Viewing user #<%= user.id %></h1>
-<%- partial('messages') %>
+<%- partial('../messages') %>
 <ul>
   <li><%- user.name %></li>
   <li><%- user.email %></li>

examples/params/app.js

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ */
+
+var express = require('../../lib/express')
+  , app = express.createServer();
+
+// Faux database
+
+var users = [
+    { name: 'tj' }
+  , { name: 'tobi' }
+  , { name: 'loki' }
+  , { name: 'jane' }
+  , { name: 'bandit' }
+];
+
+// Convert :to and :from to integers
+
+app.param(['to', 'from'], function(n){ return parseInt(n, 10); });
+
+// Load user by id
+
+app.param('user', function(req, res, next, id){
+  if (req.user = users[id]) {
+    next();
+  } else {
+    next(new Error('failed to find user'));
+  }
+});
+
+/**
+ * GET index.
+ */
+
+app.get('/', function(req, res){
+  res.send('Visit /user/0 or /users/0-2');
+});
+
+/**
+ * GET :user.
+ */
+
+app.get('/user/:user', function(req, res, next){
+  res.send('user ' + req.user.name);
+});
+
+/**
+ * GET users :from - :to.
+ */
+
+app.get('/users/:from-:to', function(req, res, next){
+  var from = req.params.from
+    , to = req.params.to
+    , names = users.map(function(user){ return user.name; });
+  res.send('users ' + names.slice(from, to).join(', '));
+});
+
+app.listen(3000);
+console.log('Express application listening on port 3000');

examples/partials/app.js

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ */
+
+var express = require('../../lib/express');
+
+var app = express.createServer();
+
+// Optional since express defaults to CWD/views
+
+app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
+
+// Set our default template engine to "jade"
+// which prevents the need for extensions
+// (although you can still mix and match)
+app.set('view engine', 'jade');
+
+// Dummy record
+var ninja = {
+  name: 'leonardo',
+  summary: { email: 'hunter.loftis+github@gmail.com', master: 'splinter', description: 'peaceful leader' },
+  weapons: ['katana', 'fists', 'shell'],
+  victims: ['shredder', 'brain', 'beebop', 'rocksteady']
+};
+
+app.get('/', function(req, res){
+  res.render('ninja', { ninja: ninja });
+});
+
+app.listen(3000);
+console.log('Express app started on port 3000');

examples/partials/views/layout.jade

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+!!!
+html
+  head
+    title Partials Example
+  body!= body

examples/partials/views/li.jade

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+li= value

examples/partials/views/ninja/_weapon.jade

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+li.weapon= weapon

examples/partials/views/ninja/index.jade

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+h1= ninja.name
+
+// file, partial name, and partial object all match ('summary')
+// the partial filename prefix '_' is completely optional.
+
+// In this case we need to specify ninja.summary as the object
+// option, since it is a "plain" object Express cannot otherwise
+// tell if it is intended to be locals, or THE summary object
+#summary!= partial('summary', { object: ninja.summary })
+
+// file, partial name = '_weapon', resolves to 'weapon' object within partial
+#weapons
+  h2 Weapons
+  // the weapon partial is rendered once per item in
+  // the weapons array or "collection"
+  ul!= partial('weapon', ninja.weapons)
+  
+// partial name 'victim' resolves to 'victim.jade'
+// or 'victim/index.jade', providing the "victim" local
+#victims
+  h2 Victims
+  ul!= partial('victim', ninja.victims)

examples/partials/views/ninja/summary.jade

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+h2 Summary
+p= summary.email
+p= summary.description
+p taught by master #{summary.master}

examples/partials/views/ninja/victim/index.jade

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// this is insane overkill, I do not recommend
+// doing tiny partials like this as it gets expensive
+// with collections, however this illustrates the new
+// partial lookup mechanism
+!= partial('../../li', { object: victim, as: 'value' })

examples/resource/app.js

@@ -10,45 +10,58 @@ var app = express.createServer();
 // Ad-hoc example resource method
 
 app.resource = function(path, obj) {
-    this.get(path, obj.index);
-    this.get(path + '/:a..:b', function(req, res){
-        var a = parseInt(req.params.a, 10),
-            b = parseInt(req.params.b, 10);
-        obj.range(req, res, a, b);
-    });
-    this.get(path + '/:id', obj.show);
-    this.del(path + '/:id', obj.destroy);
+  this.get(path, obj.index);
+  this.get(path + '/:a..:b.:format?', function(req, res){
+    var a = parseInt(req.params.a, 10)
+      , b = parseInt(req.params.b, 10)
+      , format = req.params.format;
+    obj.range(req, res, a, b, format);
+  });
+  this.get(path + '/:id', obj.show);
+  this.del(path + '/:id', obj.destroy);
 };
 
 // Fake records
 
 var users = [
-    { name: 'tj' },
-    { name: 'ciaran' },
-    { name: 'aaron' },
-    { name: 'guillermo' },
-    { name: 'simon' },
-    { name: 'tobi' }
+    { name: 'tj' }
+  , { name: 'ciaran' }
+  , { name: 'aaron' }
+  , { name: 'guillermo' }
+  , { name: 'simon' }
+  , { name: 'tobi' }
 ];
 
-// Fake controller
+// Fake controller.
 
 var User = {
-    index: function(req, res){
-        res.send(users);
-    },
-    show: function(req, res){
-        res.send(users[req.params.id] || { error: 'Cannot find user' });
-    },
-    destroy: function(req, res){
-        var id = req.params.id;
-        var destroyed = id in users;
-        delete users[id];
-        res.send(destroyed ? 'destroyed' : 'Cannot find user');
-    },
-    range: function(req, res, a, b){
-        res.send(users.slice(a, b+1));
+  index: function(req, res){
+    res.send(users);
+  },
+  show: function(req, res){
+    res.send(users[req.params.id] || { error: 'Cannot find user' });
+  },
+  destroy: function(req, res){
+    var id = req.params.id;
+    var destroyed = id in users;
+    delete users[id];
+    res.send(destroyed ? 'destroyed' : 'Cannot find user');
+  },
+  range: function(req, res, a, b, format){
+    var range = users.slice(a, b + 1);
+    switch (format) {
+      case 'json':
+        res.send(range);
+        break;
+      case 'html':
+      default:
+        var html = '<ul>' + range.map(function(user){
+          return '<li>' + user.name + '</li>';
+        }).join('\n') + '</ul>';
+        res.send(html);
+        break;
     }
+  }
 };
 
 // curl http://localhost:3000/users     -- responds with all users
@@ -60,15 +73,16 @@ var User = {
 app.resource('/users', User);
 
 app.get('/', function(req, res){
-    res.send([
-        '<h1>Examples:</h1> <ul>',
-        '<li>GET /users</li>',
-        '<li>GET /users/1</li>',
-        '<li>GET /users/3</li>',
-        '<li>GET /users/1..3</li>',
-        '<li>DELETE /users/4</li>',
-        '</ul>',
-    ].join('\n')); 
+  res.send([
+      '<h1>Examples:</h1> <ul>'
+    , '<li>GET /users</li>'
+    , '<li>GET /users/1</li>'
+    , '<li>GET /users/3</li>'
+    , '<li>GET /users/1..3</li>'
+    , '<li>GET /users/1..3.json</li>'
+    , '<li>DELETE /users/4</li>'
+    , '</ul>'
+  ].join('\n')); 
 });
 
 app.listen(3000);

examples/route-middleware/app.js

@@ -16,44 +16,44 @@ var app = express.createServer();
 
 // Dummy users
 var users = [
-    { id: 0, name: 'tj', email: 'tj@vision-media.ca', role: 'member' },
-    { id: 1, name: 'ciaran', email: 'ciaranj@gmail.com', role: 'member' },
-    { id: 2, name: 'aaron', email: 'aaron.heckmann+github@gmail.com', role: 'admin' }
+    { id: 0, name: 'tj', email: 'tj@vision-media.ca', role: 'member' }
+  , { id: 1, name: 'ciaran', email: 'ciaranj@gmail.com', role: 'member' }
+  , { id: 2, name: 'aaron', email: 'aaron.heckmann+github@gmail.com', role: 'admin' }
 ];
 
 function loadUser(req, res, next) {
-    // You would fetch your user from the db
-    var user = users[req.params.id];
-    if (user) {
-        req.user = user;
-        next();
-    } else {
-        next(new Error('Failed to load user ' + req.params.id));
-    }
+  // You would fetch your user from the db
+  var user = users[req.params.id];
+  if (user) {
+    req.user = user;
+    next();
+  } else {
+    next(new Error('Failed to load user ' + req.params.id));
+  }
 }
 
 function andRestrictToSelf(req, res, next) {
-    // If our authenticated user is the user we are viewing
-    // then everything is fine :)
-    if (req.authenticatedUser.id == req.user.id) {
-        next();
-    } else {
-        // You may want to implement specific exceptions
-        // such as UnauthorizedError or similar so that you
-        // can handle these in app.error() specifically
-        // (view ./examples/pages for this)
-        next(new Error('Unauthorized'));
-    }
+  // If our authenticated user is the user we are viewing
+  // then everything is fine :)
+  if (req.authenticatedUser.id == req.user.id) {
+    next();
+  } else {
+    // You may want to implement specific exceptions
+    // such as UnauthorizedError or similar so that you
+    // can handle these in app.error() specifically
+    // (view ./examples/pages for this)
+    next(new Error('Unauthorized'));
+  }
 }
 
 function andRestrictTo(role) {
-    return function(req, res, next) {
-        if (req.authenticatedUser.role == role) {
-            next();
-        } else {
-            next(new Error('Unauthorized'));
-        }
+  return function(req, res, next) {
+    if (req.authenticatedUser.role == role) {
+      next();
+    } else {
+      next(new Error('Unauthorized'));
     }
+  }
 }
 
 // Middleware for faux authentication
@@ -62,24 +62,24 @@ function andRestrictTo(role) {
 // may interacte with middleware
 
 app.use(function(req, res, next){
-    req.authenticatedUser = users[0];
-    next();
+  req.authenticatedUser = users[0];
+  next();
 });
 
 app.get('/', function(req, res){
-    res.redirect('/user/0');
+  res.redirect('/user/0');
 });
 
 app.get('/user/:id', loadUser, function(req, res){
-    res.send('Viewing user ' + req.user.name);
+  res.send('Viewing user ' + req.user.name);
 });
 
 app.get('/user/:id/edit', loadUser, andRestrictToSelf, function(req, res){
-    res.send('Editing user ' + req.user.name);
+  res.send('Editing user ' + req.user.name);
 });
 
 app.del('/user/:id', loadUser, andRestrictTo('admin'), function(req, res){
-    res.send('Deleted user ' + req.user.name);
+  res.send('Deleted user ' + req.user.name);
 });
 
 app.listen(3000);